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发表于 2023-4-4 09:06:12
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39; poor comprehension to a lack of intelligence.
A.attribute
B.distribute
C.contribute
D.consider
31.[单选题] This is in great contrast to a society in which death is viewed as taboo, discussion of it regarded as morbid, and children are excluded with the presumption and pretext that it would to “too much” for them. They are then sent off to relatives, often to the accompaniment of some unconvincing lie that “Mother has gone on a long trip” or other unbelievable stories. The child senses that something is wrong, and his distrust of adults will only grow if other relatives add new variations to the story, avoid his questions or suspicions, and shower him with gifts as a substitute for a loss he is not permitted to deal with. Sooner or later the child will become aware of the changed family situation and, according to his age and personality, will suffer an unresolved grief that he has no means of coping with. For him, the episode is a mysterious and frightening experience of untrustworthy grownups, which can only be traumatic.
It is equally unwise to tell a child who has lost her brother that God loves little boys so much that he took Johnny to heaven. When one such little girl grew up to be a woman she never resolved her anger at God, which resulted in psychotic depression when she lost her own little sun three decades later.
We would think that our great emancipation, our knowledge of science and of man, had given us better ways and means to prepare ourselves and our families for this inevitable happening. Instead the days are gone when a man was allowed to die in peace and dignity in his own home.
The more we are achieving advances in science, the more we seem to fear and deny the reality of death. How is this possible?
We use euphemisms, we make the dead look as if they were asleep, we ship the children off to protect them from anxiety and turmoil around the house if the patient is fortunate enough to die at home, we do not allow children to visit their dying parents in the hospitals, we have long and controversial discussions about whether patients should be told the truth—a question that rarely arises when the dying person is tended by the family physician, who has known him from delivery to death and who understands the weaknesses and strengths of each member of the family.
A.Children should not be excluded from a grief ceremony.
B.We don’t have to fear and deny the reality of death.
C.We can ship the children off to protect them from anxiety of death.
D.It is unwise to make up a story to a child who loses his parents or siblings.
E.telling a story like “God loves little boys so much that he took Johnny to heaven.”
F.adding new variations to the story if their distrust of adults will grow
G.telling a story like “Mother is living in heaven.”
H.making up a story like “Mother has gone on a long trip.”
I.pay the debt of nature
J.elicit
BA.eradicate
BB.tuck in
BC.They may suffer psychotic depression.
BD.It would be “too much” for them.
BE.They are naive.
BF.Discussion of death is viewed as taboo or morbid.
BG.unhealthy mental attitude
BH.emotional breakdown
BI.epidemic
BJ.psychosis
32.[单选题] John Lubbock, a British member of the Parliament, led to the first law to safeguard Britain’s heritage—the Ancient Monuments Bill. How did it happen?
By the late 1800s more and more people were visiting Stonehenge for a day out. Now a World Heritage Site owned by the Crown, it was, at the time, privately owned and neglected.
But the visitors left behind rubbish and leftover food. It encouraged rats that made holes at the stones’ foundations, weakening them. One of the upright stones had already fallen over and one had broken in two. They also chipped pieces off the stones for souvenirs and carved pictures into them, says architectural critic Jonathan Glancey.
It was the same for other pre-historic remains, which were disappearing fast. Threats also included farmers and landowners as the ancient stones got in the way of working on the fields and were a free source of building materials.
Shocked and angry, Lubbock took up the fight. When he heard Britain’s largest ancient stone circle at Avebury in Wiltshire was up for sale in 1871 he persuaded its owners to sell it to him and the stone circle was saved.
“Lubbock aroused national attention for ancient monuments," says Glancey. “At the time places like Stonehenge were just seen as a collection of stones, ancient sites to get building materials.”
“Lubbock knew they were the roots of British identity. He did for heritage what Darwin did for natural history. ”
But Lubbock couldn’t buy every threatened site. He knew laws were needed and tabled the Ancient Monuments Bill. It proposed government powers to take any pre-historic site under threat away from uncaring owners, a radical idea at the time.
For eight years he tried and failed to get the bill through parliament. Finally，in 1882，it was voted into law. It had，however, been watered down; people had to willingly give their ancient monuments to the government. But what it did do was plant the idea that the state could preserve Britain’s heritage better than private owners.
Pressure started to be put on the owners of sites like Stonehenge to take better care of them.
A.the origin of the Ancient Monuments Bill
B.the history and protection of Stonehenge
C.the value of ancient heritages in the UK
D.a famous British Parliament member
E.severe?
F.biased
G.complex
H.implicit 福建大学答案
I.rats weakened its foundation
J.visitors chipped pieces off it
BA.farmers cut it to build houses?
BB.visitors carved pictures into it
BC.legally protected
BD.a public property
BE.utterly neglected? ??
BF.a royal property
BG.push people to learn history
BH.enforce ancient site protection
BI.ensure government function
BJ.push visitors to behave properly
33.[单选题] Passwords are everywhere in computer security. All too often, they are also ineffective. A good password has to be both easy to remember and hard to guess, but in practice people seem to pay attention to the former. Names of wives, husbands and children are popular. “123456” or “12345” are also common choices.
That predictability lets security researchers (and hackers) create dictionaries which list common passwords, useful to those seeking to break in. But although researchers know that passwords are insecure, working out just how insecure has been difficult. Many studies have only small samples to work on.
However, with the co-operation of Yahoo!, Joseph Bonneau of Cambridge University obtained the biggest sample to date—70 million passwords that came with useful data about their owners.
Mr. Bonneau found some interesting variations. Older users had better passwords than young ones. People whose preferred language was Korean or German chose the most secure passwords; those who spoke Indonesian the least. Passwords designed to hide sensitive information such as credit-card numbers were only slightly more secure than those protecting less important things, like access to games. “Nag screens” that told users they had chosen a weak password made virtually no difference. And users whose accounts had been hacked in the past did not make more secure choices than those who had never been hacked.
But it is the broader analysis of the sample that is of most interest to security researchers. For, despite their differences, the 70 million users were still predictable enough that a generic password dictionary was effective against both the entire sample and any slice of it. Mr. Bonneau is blunt: “An attacker who can manage ten guesses per account will compromise around 1% of accounts.” And that is a worthwhile outcome for a hacker.
One obvious solution would be for sites to limit the number of guesses that can be made before access is blocked. Yet whereas the biggest sites, such as Google and Microsoft, do take such measures, many do not. The reasons of their not doing so are various. So it’s time for users to consider the alternatives to traditional passwords.
A.lack of research tools
B.limited size of samples
C.lack of research funds
D.limited time of studies
E.big websites offer users convenient access
F.big websites limit the number of guesses
G.net users rely on themselves for security
H.net users regulate their online behaviors
I.random numbers
J.easy to remember
BA.popular names
BB.hard to figure out
BC.Indonesians are sensitive to password security
BD.nag screens help little in password security
BE.passwords for credit cards are usually safe
BF.young people tend to have secure passwords
BG.comprise
BH.endanger
BI.compensate
BJ.encounter
34.[单选题] Like many of my generation, I have a weakness for hero worship. At some point, however, we all begin to question our heroes and our need for them. This leads us to ask: What is a hero?
Despite immense differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristics that instruct and inspire people.
A hero does something worth talking about. A hero has a story of adventure to tell and a community who will listen. But a hero goes beyond mere fame.
Heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves. Like high voltage transformers, heroes take the energy of higher powers and step it down so that it can be used by ordinary people.
The hero lives a life worthy of imitation. Those who imitate a genuine hero experience life with new depth, enthusiasm, and meaning. A sure test for would-be heroes is what or whom do they serve? What are they willing to live and die for? If the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own fame, they may be famous persons but not heroes. Madonna and Michael Jackson are famous, but who would claim that their fans find life more abundant?
Heroes are catalysts（催化剂）for change. They have a vision from the mountain top. They have the skill and the charm to move the masses. They create new possibilities. Without Gandhi, India might still be part of the British Empire. Without Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King, Jr., we might still have segregated buses, restaurants, and parks. It may be possible for large scale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities, but the pace of change would be slow, the vision uncertain, and the committee meetings endless.
A.are good at demonstrating their charming characters
B.can provide an answer to the problems of their people
C.can move the masses with their forceful speeches
D.are capable of meeting all challenges and hardships
E.take place if there were heroes to lead the people
F.be delayed without leaders with inspiring personal qualities
G.produce leaders with attractive personalities
H.not happen without heroes making the necessary sacrifices
I.all unknowingly attract a large number of fans
J.probably share some weaknesses of ordinary people
BA.are often influenced by previous generations
BB.generally process certain inspiring characteristics
BC.they can serve as concrete examples of noble principles
BD.they have a warm feelings and emotions
BE.they have a vision from the mountaintop
BF.they can make people feel stronger and more confident
BG.their primary concern is their own financial interests
BH.their performances do not improve their fans morally
BI.they are popular only among certain groups of people
BJ.they are not clear about the principles they should follow
35.[单选题] Tuesday sees the announcement of the Turner Prize shortlist. One critic has described the prize as “bipolar”, veering between good and bad years. Last year’s shortlist—which I was involved in selecting and judging—was well-received, after a widely criticized installment the year before. Will this year’s list live up to 2009’s, or will it outdo it? In other words, can the Turner have two good years in a row?
It’s always fun to speculate about who will be shortlisted. I hope this year’s judges come up with some unexpected and exciting names—controversy, too, never goes amiss. But it’s not been a spectacular year for British art: there has been no equivalent to Roger Hioms’s Seizure, which simply demanded to be considered. On the other hand, the usual suspects who might so easily have been on last year’s list are still around: don’t be surprised if the names Ryan Gander, Charles Avery or Susan Philipsz appear in the papers next week. Last year’s Turner exhibition featured no film or video for the first time in donkey’s years, so perhaps they will go the other way and select a video artist such as Hilary Lloyd or a filmmaker such as Rosalind Nashashibi.
But actually, one British artist has genuinely made an impact this year. 12 months ago I wrote here that I had decided not to nominate Banksy for the Turner shortlist: some people seemed to think I had stopped him being on it and that he was being considered seriously by the rest of the jury. In fact, as far as I know, I was the only juror considering him. In the end, he didn’t seem to be doing much that was new—but this year it’s a different story. In the last 12 months his museum show in Bristol drew delighted crowds and his film Exit Through the Gift Shop revealed a humor about his own enterprise that contrasts wonderfully with the dull arrogance of a Hirst. So for my money Banksy should be on the Turner shortlist this year. It’s a no-brainer. I wonder if the jury will agree. We’ll know on Tuesday.
A.The author once nominated Banksy.
B.Banksy has a very successful museum show this year.
C.Banksy did not win the Turner Prize.
D.The author has more confidence in Banksy for this year’s Turner Prize.
E.comment and make speculations about this year’s nominees for the Turner Prize
F.criticize a few winners of the Turner Prize
G.recommend an artist to the Turner Prize
H.document the selecting process for the Turner Prize
I.choose
J.swing
BA.rise
BB.fall
BC.nominators
BD.fans
BE.winners
BF.nominees
BG.filmmakers
BH.Banksy
BI.British writers
BJ.British artists
36.[单选题] A smile is a strong sign of a friendly and open attitude and a willingness to communicate. It is a positive, silent sign sent with the hope the other person will smile back. When you smile, you show you have noticed the person in a positive way. The result? That person will usually smile back.
You might not realize a closed position is the cause of many conversational problems. A common closed position is sitting with your arms and legs crossed and your hand covering your mouth or chin. This is often called the “thinking pose”. Ask yourself this question: Are you going to interrupt someone who appears to be deep in thought? This position gives off “stay away” signs and prevents your main “sign sender” (your mouth) from being seen by others looking for inviting conversational signs.
The open body position is most effective when you place yourself within communicating distance of the other person―that is, within about five feet. Take care, however, not to enter someone’s “personal space” by getting too close, too soon.
Leaning forward a little while a person is talking shows your interest and how you are listening to what the person is saying. By doing this, you are saying: I hear what you’re saying, and I’m interested in―keep talking!
Often people will lean back with their hands over their mouth, chin, or behind their head in the “thinking” pose. This position gives off signs of judgment, doubt, and lack of interest from the listener. Since most people do not feel comfortable when they think they are being judged, this leaning-back position serves to prevent the speaker from continuing.
In many cultures the most common form of first contact between two people is a handshake. Be the first to extend your hand in greeting. Couple this with a friendly “Hello”, a nice smile, and your name and you have made the first step to open the lines of communication.
Eye contact should be natural, not forced or overdone. Direct eye contact shows you are listening to the other person and that you want to know about her.
A.looking in others’ eyes
B.crossing your arms
C.extending your hand in greeting
D.leaning forward a little while a person is talking
E.he is kind and useful
F.he sees something funny
G.he is ready to talk with you
H.he is happy all the time
I.an open body position
J.no smile
BA.a closed body position
BB.the main “sign senders”
BC.makes him think you are thinking about something else
BD.shows you want to keep some distance from the speaker
BE.makes him believe you are not interested in his talk
BF.shows you are interested in and listening to what the speaker is saying
BG.we should pay much attention to body language
BH.eye contact is always helpful
BI.gestures always prevent the “sign sender” (mouth) from being seen by others
BJ.communication depends little on verbal language and much on body language
37.[多选题] People of Burlington are being disturbed by the sound of bells. Four students from Burlington College of Higher Education are in the bell tower of the church and have made up their minds to __1__ the bells nonstop for two weeks as a protest against heavy trucks which run day and night through the narrow High Street. “They not only make it __2__ to sleep at night, but they are doing damage to our houses and shops of historical interest,” said John Norris, one of the protesters.
“__3__ we must have these noisy trucks on the roads,” said Jean Lacey, a biology student, why don’t they build a new road that goes round the town? Burlington isn’t much more than a large village. Its streets were never __4__ for heavy traffic.
Harry Fields also studying __5__ said they wanted to make as much noise as possible to force the government officials to realize what everybody was having to __6__. “Most of them don’t live here anyway,” he said, “they come in for meetings and that, and the Town Hall is soundproof, so they probably don’t __7__. It’s high time they realized the problem.” The fourth student, Liza Vernum, said she thought the public were __8__ on their side, and even if they weren’t they soon would be.
I asked if they were __9__ that the police might come to stop them. “Not really,” she said, “actually we are proper bellringers. I mean we are assistant bellringers for the church. There is no __10__ against practising.” I left the church with the sound of the bells ringing in my ears.
A.stand
B.accept
C.know
D.share
E.mostly
F.hardly
G.usually
H.unwillingly
I.pleased
J.determined
BA.surprised
BB.afraid
BC.need
BD.point
BE.cause
BF.law
BG.kept
BH.used
BI.tested
BJ.meant
CA.mention
CB.fear
CC.notice
CD.control
CE.unpleasant
CF.terrible
CG.uncomfortable
CH.difficult
CI.well
CJ.education
DA.hard
DB.biology
DC.Although
DD.Unless
DE.If
DF.When
DG.repair
DH.shake
DI.ring
DJ.change
38.[多选题] There are more than forty universities in Britain—nearly twice as many as in 1960. During the 1960s eight completely new ones were founded, and ten other new ones were created __1__ converting old colleges of technology into universities. In the same period the __2__ of students more than doubled, from 70,000 to more than 200, 000. By 1973 about 10% of men aged from eighteen __3__ twenty-one were in universities and about 5% of women.
All the universities are private institutions. Each has its __4__ governing councils, including some local businessmen and local politicians as well as a few academics. The state began to give grants to them seventy years __5__, and by 1970 each university derived nearly all its funds from state grants. Students have to __6__ fees and living costs, but every student may receive from the local authority of the place where he lives a personal grant which is enough to pay his full costs, including lodging and __7__ unless his parents are rich.
Most students take jobs in the summer __8__ about six weeks, but they do not normally do outside work during the academic year. The Department of Education takes __9__ for the payments which cover the whole expenditure of the universities, but it does not exercise direct control. It can have an important influence on new developments through its power to distribute funds, but it takes the advice of the University Grants Committee, a body which is mainly __10__ of academics.
A.duty
B.pleasure
C.responsibility
D.advice
E.quantity
F.amount
G.number
H.lot
I.to
J.from
BA.beyond
BB.with
BC.food
BD.shelter
BE.drinking
BF.living
BG.by
BH.at
BI.with
BJ.into
CA.taken
CB.consisted
CC.made
CD.composed
CE.personal
CF.kind
CG.own
CH.self
CI.ago
CJ.ever
DA.after
DB.before
DC.change
DD.pay
DE.make
DF.delay
DG.with
DH.since
DI.at
DJ.for
39.[多选题] Most parents, I suppose, have had the experience of reading a bedtime story to their children. And they must have __1__ how difficult it is to write a good children’s book. Either the author has aimed too high, so that the children can’t follow what is in his (or more often, her) story, __2__ the story seems to be talking to the readers. The best children’s books are neither very difficult nor very simple, and satisfy both the __3__ who hears the story and the adult who reads it. Unfortunately, there are in fact __4__ books like this, so the problem of finding the right bedtime story is not __5__ to solve. This may be why many of books regarded as works of children’s literature were in fact written for __6__. “Alice’s Adventure in Wonderland” is perhaps the most obvious of this.
Children, left for themselves, often show the worst possible interest in literature. Just leave a child in bookshop or __7__ and he will more willingly choose the books written in an imaginative way, or have a look at most children’s comics, full of the stories and jokes which are the __8__ of teachers and right-thinking parents.
Perhaps we parents should stop trying to brainwash children into __9__ our taste in literature. After all children and adults are so different that we parents should not expect that they will enjoy the __10__ books. So I suppose we’ll just have to compromise over that bedtime story.
A.home
B.office
C.library
D.school
E.said
F.told
G.realized
H.hoped
I.mother
J.father
BA.teacher
BB.child
BC.lovingness
BD.objections
BE.readings
BF.interests
BG.many
BH.few
BI.a great deal of
BJ.a great number of
CA.fast
CB.hard
CC.enough
CD.easy
CE.common
CF.same
CG.average
CH.different
CI.or
CJ.so
DA.but
DB.and
DC.accepting
DD.receiving
DE.having
DF.refusing
DG.grown ups
DH.girls
DI.boys
DJ.children
40.[多选题] A language is a signaling system which operates with symbolic vocal sounds, and which is used by a group of people for the purpose of communication. Let’s look at this definition in more detail because it is language, more than anything else, __1__ distinguishes man from the rest of the animal world. Other animals, it is true, communicate with one another by __2__ of cries: for example, many birds utter warning calls at the approach of danger; monkeys utter __3__ cries, such as expression of anger, fear and pleasure.
__4__ these various means of communication differ in important ways from human language. For instance, animals’ cries do not __5__ thoughts and feelings clearly. This means basically, that they lack structure. They lack the kind of structure that __6__ us to divide a human utterance into words.
We can change an utterance by __7__ one word in it with another: a good illustration of this is a soldier who can say, e.g., “tanks approaching from the north”, and who can change one word and say “aircraft approaching from the north” or “tanks approaching from the west”; but a bird has a single alarm cry, which means “danger!”
This is why the number of __8__ that an animal can make is very limited: the great tit is a case in point; it has about twenty different calls, __9__ in human language the number of possible utterances is limitless. It also explains why animal cries are very __10__ in meaning.
A.which
B.as
C.what
D.that
E.pronouncing
F.replacing
G.saying
H.spelling
I.express
J.explain
BA.interpret
BB.infer
BC.different
BD.similar
BE.identical
BF.unfamiliar
BG.But
BH.Afterwards
BI.Therefore
BJ.Furthermore
CA.gestures
CB.signals
CC.marks
CD.signs
CE.alike
CF.general
CG.ordinary
CH.common
CI.enforces
CJ.ensures
DA.encourages
DB.enables
DC.since
DD.whereas
DE.anyhow
DF.somehow
DG.methods
DH.means
DI.approaches
DJ.ways
41.[问答题] C-E Translation
Turn the following sentence into English, using the words given in the brackets.
作为这个组织的主席，他的目标之一是废除种族隔离制度（apartheid）。(abolish)
A.
42.[问答题] C-E Translation
Turn the following sentence into English, using the words given in the brackets.
我为自己在第一轮就被淘汰而感到惭愧。(eliminate)
A.
43.[问答题] C-E Translation
Turn the following sentence into English, using the words given in the brackets.
事实上，这位电影明星和其他瑞典人一样，也很乐意做家务。(relish)
A.
44.[问答题] C-E Translation
Turn the following sentence into English, using the words given in the brackets.
由于手头拮据，他极力反对去青岛旅游的计划。(oppose)
A.
45.[问答题] E-C Translation
Turn the following sentence picked up from the text into Chinese.
Failure is a better teacher than success since success always encourages repetition of old behavior whereas failure can prompt fresh thinking, a change of direction.
A.
46.[问答题] E-C Translation
Turn the following sentence picked up from the text into Chinese.
Going first class can, in many cases, build your image to help you accomplish what you are after in a more effective way.
A.
47.[问答题] E-C Translation
Turn the following sentence picked up from the text into Chinese.
Neither in medicine, or in law, government, or the social sciences can there be comfort in the old saying, “What you don& |
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发表于 2023-4-4 09:06:12
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