0085《英语阅读二》西南大学20春在线作业

123456aa · 发表于 2020-5-28 23:04:28

0085 英语阅读二
1.[单选题]Hop a bus and hangout downtown for a few hours.
A.relax
B.shop
C.date
D.put on
2.[单选题]A patient came in with a breast tumor. The clinic staff got herconnected to St. Luke’s “compassionate system” for those in financial need. Shegot treatment and is now three years past her diagnosis.
A.management
B.judgment
C.dealing
D.cure
3.[单选题]Drowsiness may mean you are secondsfrom a disaster.
A.sleepiness
B.boredom
C.exhaustion
D.sleeplessness
4.[单选题]When I first sawher, she was walking across the school playground. I stood motionless as if stunned, followingher with my eyes.
A.shocked
B.still
C.astonished
D.emotionless
5.[单选题]Eurobills will be uniform throughout the euro area. All euro countries willuse the same currency.
A.united
B.same
C.unlike
D.exchangeable
.[单选题]Get to know how your helpful demeanor may be causing more stress in your life.
A.contribution
B.suggestion
C.supply
D.behaviour
1.[单选题]In our society we areprone to ignore or resist nature’s signal that we need more sleep.
A.are liable to
B.are able to
C.are convenient to
D.are trying to
8.[单选题]The biological clockis a term applied to the brain process which causes us to have 24-hour fluctuationsin body temperature, hormone secretion, and a host of other bodily activities.
A.changes
B.stability
C.alertness
D.functions
9.[单选题]Fewer parts canmean fewer problems. Rogers says the minimalist machine is rock solidand squeak free.
A.solid free
B.like a rock
C.extremely firm
D.not solid
10.[单选题]Theirfamiliarity with the community came in handy in getting donatedequipment, exam tables, even space in the church.
A.contributed
B.suggested
C.received
D.awarded
11.[单选题]The individuals are athigh risk for some sort of accident involving unintended sleep or impaired performance without enough sleep.
A.steady
B.reduced
C.repeated
D.perfect
12.[单选题]Knowing that Mrs.Mallard was afflicted with a heart trouble, great care was taken tobreak to her as gently as possible the news of her husband’s death.
A.A. worried about
B.was bothered by
C.was attacked by
D.suffered from
13.[单选题]Several of theshipping container-sized printers could pump out constantly evolvingcars by the thousands.
A.put out
B.produce
C.supply
D.recycle
14.[单选题]It now “denotes membership in a community ofshared or common law, which may or may not be identical with a territorialcommunity.”
A.excludes
B.clarifies
C.means
D.supports
15.[单选题]Thefundraiser’s goal, she said, is around $20,000. Among other things, proceedswill buy medications the clinic doesn’t have in stock.
A.products
B.process
C.profits
D.donations
1 .[单选题]The citizen appears either as the primary politicalagent or as an individual whose private activities leave little time or inclinationto engage actively in politics.
A.decision
B.willingness
C.hope
D.choice
11.[单选题]Active participation in processes of deliberationand decision-making ensuring that individuals are citizens.
A.consideration
B.carefulness
C.discussion
D.execution
18.[单选题]You could also be feeling physicalstress if you are not fueling your body appropriately, so go and eatsomething balanced and healthy.
A.protect
B.fill up
C.treat
D.exercise
19.[单选题]Even if they’re eligible for insurance, clinic patientscan’t afford even modest co-pays.
A.E.enable
B.capable
C.entitled
D.ensured
20.[单选题]While the currenttechnology extrudes about 12 pounds of plastic per hour, Rogers says theexperimental limit is 1,000 times as fast.
A.intrudes
B.finishes
C.pushes violently
D.shapes by force
21.[单选题]“If you can’t afford to pay for mental health care, there’s noplace to get it free unless it’s an emergency,” she said.
A.sudden crisis
B.common action
C.extreme danger
D.unusual treatment
22.[单选题]Called the Strati,it’s a collaboration of Local Motors, industrial parts shapingspecialist Cincinnati Incorporated and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
A.elaboration
B.cooperation
C.celebration
D.improvement
23.[单选题]I could envisionmore comprehensive reform proposals that would be able to broaden coverage and bring down costs.
A.visit
B.carry out
C.envy
D.imagine
24.[单选题]The third refers to citizenship as membership in apolitical community that furnishes a distant source of identity.
A.explains
B.decorates
C.provides
D.contradicts
25.[单选题]Tapping into hismilitary mind, Rogers envisions the printers being deployed with troopsinto the field to produce disposable vehicles, each finely tuned for a specificmission.
A.equipped with
B.adopted by
C.arranged with
D.taken by
2 .[单选题]You may be stressed about one particular thing: a final paperdue Monday, a class presentation due Thursday.
A.owing
B.suitable
C.scheduled
D.extended to
21.[单选题]A moment of illumination,usually occurs at or near the end of a work.
A.explanation
B.decoration
C.light
D.understanding
28.[单选题]Having stress in your lifeis normal and often unavoidable.
A.manageable
B.common
C.inevitable
D.natural
29.[单选题]Youhave only two alternatives: accept it or adapt yourself.
A.possibilities
B.options
C.ideas
D.methods
30.[单选题]A recent survey ofStanford undergraduates revealed that their number one complaint was notgetting enough sleep! I heard a validation of this complaint from thelips of a well-known alumnus, Tiger Woods.
A.proof
B.reason
C.origin
D.majority
31.[单选题]Exercise doesn’t necessarily have to involve a 2-hour,exhausting workout at the campus gym.
A.exercise
B.trial
C.engagement
D.time
32.[单选题]She did not know; it wastoo subtle and elusive to name.
A.clear
B.difficult
C.exclusive
D.vague
33.[单选题]Tess cried atlength, in desperation, her large eyes staring at him like those of a wildanimal.
A.D.at last
B.in the least
C.for a long time
D.with a lot of detail
34.[单选题]We found that 80 percentwere dangerously sleep deprived, and they were at high risk for somesort of accident due to serious lack ofsleep.
A.ceaselessly
B.fast
C.soundly
D.lack
35.[单选题]Members of a strong online community submit andrefine ideas for product.
A.reward
B.reject
C.approve of
D.put forward
3 .[单选题]Have you been working in thatEnglish paper for 3 days straight? Don’t make it into the fourth night.
A.without break
B.correctly
C.honestly
D.directly
31.[单选题]Its most importantfunction is to foster the daily cycle of sleep and wakefulness.
A.help change
B.help manage
C.help prevent
D.help strengthen
38.[单选题]It’s okay to take a stepback and focus on yourself for a little while, especially if you are stressedand your academics are at risk.
A.demanding
B.practical
C.at loss
D.in danger
39.[单选题]Now, too late,came the dawning realization that I had unwittingly damned myself to ahell from which there was no escape.
A.unconsciously
B.unwisely
C.crazily
D.unwillingly
40.[单选题]Macdonald was alsocriticized for concealing the fact that he took some money illegally to completethe railway.
A.disguising
B.revealing
C.telling
D.discovering
41.[单选题]She was young, with afair, calm face, whose lines bespoke repression and even a certain strength.
A.sent
B.indicated
C.spoke
D.signed
42.[单选题]Founded in 2001,its first project was the Rally Fighter, a high-speed off-roader built from amix of original parts and off-the-shelf components that’s manufacturedin small numbers at what Local Motors calls a microfactory.
A.parts
B.sections
C.composes
D.modules
43.[单选题]If you frequently feelsleepy or drowsy in any dull or sedentary situation, you almostcertainly have a very large sleep debt.
A.difficult
B.sitting
C.emergent
D.dangerous
44.[单选题]Theinterests of both parties may not be identical, but they do overlap in away.
A.distinguishable
B.absolute
C.exactly the same
D.exchangeable
45.[单选题]where membersof a 150,000-member strong online community submit and refine ideas for products,dramatically speeding up the process
A.push
B.quicken
C.change
D.slow
4 .[单选题]This may seem ridiculous at first,but there is nothing funny about it.
A.funny
B.sad
C.difficult
D.surprising
41.[单选题]“I saw the fullspectrum, the disparity between the haves and the have-nots,” Blanchardsaid.
A.difference
B.disagreement
C.gulf
D.contrast
48.[单选题]TheFriendship Clinic will hold its 10th anniversary celebration at Boise’sRiverside Hotel in October, and the event will double as its first publicfundraiser.
A.C.ceremony
B.wedding
C.festival
D.service
49.[单选题]Errors, accidents,injuries, deaths, and<a name="OLE_LINK10"></a><a name="OLE_LINK9"> catastroph</a>es can bethe result, not to mention poor grades.
A.sadness
B.illness
C.disaster
D.pain
50.[单选题]The other companion is notquite so strong, and represents transient external stimulation, e.g.noise, light, excitement, anger, pain and so on.
A.F.long-term
B.exciting
C.boring
D.short-termed
51.[单选题]Local Motors, thePhoenix-based automotive and industrial design and manufacturing outfit wasone of the pioneers of cloud-based co-creation, ...
A.clothing
B.equipment
C.getup
D.suit
52.[单选题]Her partners were a group of fellow nurses with concerns about equityand health.
A.B.fairness
B.interest
C.right
D.value
53.[单选题]Todaythe clinic has ties to both local hospitals, a number of charitable organizations and Boise State University.
A.rich
B.plentiful
C.generous
D.beneficent
54.[单选题]She embodied good sportsmanship on theplaying field.
A.contained
B.expressed
C.included
D.enabled
55.[单选题]The layers were stacked together and pressedhard enough to glue them, but not break them.
A.piled
B.glued
C.mixed
D.stirred
5 .[单选题]You are carrying with thehelp of two <a name="OLE_LINK8"></a><a name="OLE_LINK1">companion</a>s.
A.roles
B.officers
C.friends
D.strangers
51.[单选题]Tapping into his military mind, Rogers envisions theprinters being deployed with troops into the field to produce disposablevehicles, each finely tuned for a specific mission.
A.Taking into
B.Putting into
C.Knocking into
D.Making use of
58.[单选题]It is likely that sleepdeprivation has consequences─difficulty studying, fatigue.
A.absent minded
B.tiredness
C.poor grades
D.shyness
59.[单选题]It was he who had been inthe newspaper office when intelligence of the railroad disaster was received,with Brently Mallard’s name leading the list of “killed.”
A.intellect
B.information
C.knowledge
D.wisdom
0.[单选题]We shall have to refine on our methods ofadvertising.
A.take on
B.improve
C.approve of
D.practice
1.[单选题]He had only takenthe time to assure himself of its truth by a second telegram, and had hastenedto forestall any less careful, less tender friend in bearing the sadmessage.
A.predict
B.foretell
C.foresee
D.prevent
2.[单选题]“People in theknow are familiar with the massive overhead required by traditional manufacturing,”Rogers says.
A.money
B.cost
C.picture
D.microphone
3.[单选题]In ordinary circumstances,clock-dependent alerting is always synchronized with the daytime hours.
A.final
B.regular
C.occasional
D.coordinated
4.[单选题]Most college students are going through the same things atthe same time, so don’t feel silly if you need to just vent for 30minutes over coffee with a friend.
A.make
B.laugh
C.relieve
D.date
5.[单选题]The elevated sleeptendency together with the associated drowsiness and an intense desire forsleep would ordinarily prevent most people from becoming dangerously sleepdeprived.
A.regulated
B.diminished
C.repressed
D.increased
 .[单选题]Some of the world’s most accommodating businessmen specialize in getting you buy what you want at a fair market price. But they are businessmen with a difference — they are strugglers who deal only in what is illegal.
A smuggling operation is complex, so it has to be business like. It has managers who plan trips, make deals, and arrange for purchases and pickups. It has travelers who deliver the goods, and specialists who recruit and train them. In fact, smugglers frequently have legitimate businesses on the side. A travel agency is helpful because the modern smuggler is a world traveler. When a gold smuggler was arrested recently, he had airline tickets from Geneva to Bangkok by way of Frankfurt, Istanbul, Beirut, Vancouver, Tokyo, Hong Kong, Manila, and Jakarta.
The best places for smuggling operations are border cities and seaports. In one such city, annual sales at local stores amounted to $ ,900 for every person in town. But the average person only made $3,515 per year. A tiny seaport is the world’s third largest importer of Swiss watchers — every year, it buys 50 watches to every person in the city. Obviously, the people in these cities are not buying all this merchandises — it is being bought by smugglers.
As one exporter wrote, “The ingenuity of the smuggler’s mind is virtually limitless.” In addition to carrying goods, there are other types of smuggling equipment. A diplomat was arrested in London with 298 watches sewn into his coat lining. British officials discovered a car with a special gas tank containing 2,581 illegal watches. But some smugglers don’t need special equipment. A good diamond smuggler can hide two to three small diamonds in his mouth and still carry on a normal conversation.
What makes people smuggle? Profit is definitely a motive. Over $1.5 billion in illegal gold alone is smuggled every year, not to mention a multimillion dollar art smuggling trade and a thriving business in illegal diamonds. But many smugglers love excitement as much as profit. As one said, “You don’t feel happy unless you have a lining open and somebody making a run for you.”

A.the smuggled goods are carried to faraway places
B.it is carried out in small cities
C.the smuggled goods are hidden in the smuggler’s clothes
D.it is helped by people doing legitimate business
E.A Complex International Business
F.A Modern International Business
G.A Twisted International Business
H.An Efficient International Business
I.gold, art works and diamonds are the most often smuggled goods
J.the most important thing for smugglers is to make money
BA.some smugglers only seek excitement
BB.smugglers always ask other people to do illegal businesses for them
BC.always invent new ways of doing things
BD.would always like to use some kind of equipment
BE.are often government officials
BF.can provide you with anything you want
BG.they specialize in illegal business
BH.they follow a certain operation and management system
BI.they receive training in business management
BJ.they do some legitimate business
1.[单选题]I found myself a little while ago in one of the largest American prisons. It was like a stone castle, its high towers watched by guards with guns. I had been there several times before, on earlier visits to theUSA. But this time I had come to see one particular prisoner. He was nineteen and after two years by himself in one room was awaiting execution for murder. He had just heard the result of a fresh trial. He was to serve life imprisonment instead. He was white-faced and talkative, a boy who had failed in high school and had all too easily got caught up in a night’s adventure that had ended with burning down buildings, two deaths and those two years awaiting death.
This prison is no worse than many others and it is certainly better than some. After you have passed through the complicated series of gates and doors and the electronic instruments have checked that you have no metal on your person—that you have no gun in fact—you enter within the walls. At once you are astonished at the difference between the strict controls outside and curiously easy-going way of life inside. Here are men walking about, often smoking cigars; the football team is being trained on the field; there is a good deal of standing around waiting for something to happen. And of course things do happen: a sudden shout, a rush to the water tower, a mad climb to its top, senseless disobedience for days. But this is somehow a symbol for a bigger senselessness than that.
This time I was wondering what twenty years (and that would be the minimum) might mean for one boy pushed into this organized idleness.

A.not doing what he is told to
B.not doing what is necessary
C.making a lot of noise
D.doing whatever he likes
E.The punishment had been changed from death to life imprisonment.
F.The punishment had been changed from life imprisonment to death.
G.They were taking the prisoner out to be executed.
H.They were taking him out for a fresh trial
I.Greatly surprised.
J.Frightened.
BA.Disappointed.
BB.Pleased.
BC.anything more serious than all the above
BD.a sudden rush to the water tower
BE.disobedience for days
BF.a mad climb to the tower’s top
BG.foolish
BH.a very good one
BI.fairly bad but might be even worse
BJ.good but could be even better
8.[单选题]Mary and Peter were having a picnic with some friends near a river when Mary noticed an object overhead. “Look,” she shouted to her friends. “That’s a spaceship up there and it’s going to land here.”
Frightened by the strange silver-colored spaceship, most of the young people got in their cars and drove away quickly. Peter was fond of Mary and always stayed closed to her. They, more curious than frightened, watched the spaceship land and saw a door open. When nobody came out, they went to the spaceship and peered inside. In the centre of the floor, there was a pile of food. Peter followed Mary into the spaceship and did not hear the door close behind him. The temperature fell rapidly and the two young people lost consciousness.
When they woke up, they were surprised to see that they were back by the river again. The spaceship had gone. Their car was nearby.
“What happened?” asked Mary.
Peter scratched his head saying slowly, “Don’t ask me. Perhaps we had a dream. Did you see a spaceship?”
“Yes,” said Mary. “And we both went into it,” Then, she looked at her wrist. “That’s funny. My watch has stopped. Oh well, come on. It’s time to go home.”
Driving about fifty meters, they found their way blocked by a thick wall made of something like glass. They got out of the car and tried to find their way round the wall but discovered that they were inside a circular wall. It was like a mirror and prevented them from seeing through it.
On the other side of the wall, strange creatures walked past slowly. A few stopped to stare through the wall and read a new notice which translated into English, said: “New arrivals at the zoo: a pair of Earthlings in their natural surroundings with their mobile house.”

A.They were robbers.
B.They were wild animals in a zoo.
C.They had landed on Earth in a spaceship and lived there.
D.The young couple were on another planet.
E.He was too frightened to drive.
F.He knew that the spaceship was harmless.
G.He did not like leaving Mary.
H.There was a wall blocking the road.
I.he was puzzled
J.he had lost consciousness
BA.he was still half asleep
BB.he had lost his memory
BC.Natural.
BD.Earthlings.
BE.Surroundings.
BF.House.
9.[单选题]Many Americans harbour a grossly distorted and exaggerated view of most of the risks surrounding food. Fergus Clydesdale, head of the department of food science and nutrition at the University of Massachusetts-Amherst, says bluntly that if the dangers from bacterially contaminated chicken were as great as some people believe, “the streets would be littered with people lying here and there.”
Though the public increasingly demands no-risk food, there is no such thing. Bruce Ames, chairman of the biochemistry department at the University of California, Berkeley, points out that up to 10% of a plant’s weight is made up of natural pesticides. Says he: “Since plants do not have jaws or teeth to protect themselves, they employ chemical warfare.” And many naturally produced chemicals, though occurring in tiny amounts, prove in laboratory tests to be strong carcinogens — a substance which can cause cancer. Mushrooms might be banned if they were judged by the same standards that apply to food additives. Declares Christina Stark, a nutritionist at Cornell University: “We’ve got far worse natural chemicals in the food supply than anything man-made.”
Yet the issues are not that simple. While Americans have no reason to be terrified to sit down at the dinner table, they have every reason to demand significant improvements in food and water safety. They unconsciously and unwillingly take in too much of too many dangerous chemicals. If food already contains natural carcinogens, it does not make much sense to add dozens of new man-made ones. Though most people will withstand the small amounts of contaminants generally found in food and water, at least a few individuals will probably get cancer one day because of what they eat and drink.
To make good food and water supplies even better, the Government needs to tighten its regulatory standards, stiffen its inspection program and strengthen its enforcement policies. The food industry should modify some long-accepted practices or turn to less hazardous alternatives. Perhaps most important, consumers will have to do a better job of learning how to handle and cook food properly. The problems that need to be tackled exist all along the food-supply chain, from fields to processing plants to kitchens.

A.no food is free from pollution in the environment
B.almost all foods have additives
C.many vegetables contain dangerous natural chemicals
D.pesticides are widely used in agriculture
E.farmers use man-made chemicals to dissolve the natural chemicals in plants
F.plants absorb useful chemicals to promote their growth
G.farmers use chemicals to protect plants against pests and diseases
H.plants produce certain chemicals to combat pests and diseases
I.Immediate measures must be taken to improve food production and processing.
J.Eating and drinking have become more hazardous than before.
BA.There is reason for caution but no cause for alarm with regard to food consumption.
BB.Health food is not a dream in modern society.
BC.the processor
BD.the government
BE.the grower
BF.the consumer
BG.They are overoptimistic about the safety of their food.
BH.They overestimate the hazards of their food.
BI.They overlook the risks of the food they eat.
BJ.They overstate the government’s interference with the food industry.
10.[单选题]Over the last 25 years, British society has changed a great deal—or at least many parts of it have. In some ways, however, very little has changed, particularly where attitudes are concerned. Ideas about social class—whether a person is “working-class” or “middle-class”—are one area in which changes have been extremely slow.
In the past, the working-class tended to be paid less than middle-class people, such as teachers and doctors. As a result of this and also of the fact that workers’ jobs were generally much less secure, distinct differences in life-styles and attitudes came into existence. The typical working man would collect his wages on Friday evening and then, it was widely believed, having given his wife her “housekeeping”, would go out and squander the rest on beer and betting.
The stereotype of what a middle-class man did with his money was perhaps nearer the truth. He was—and still is—inclined to take a longer-term view. Not only did he regard buying a house of these provided him and his family with security. Only in very few cases did workers have the opportunity (or the education and training) to make such long-term plans.
Nowadays, a great deal has changed. In a large number of cases factory workers earn as much, if not more than their middle-class supervisors. Social security and laws improved in this century have made it less necessary than before to worry about “tomorrow”. Working-class people seem slowly to be losing the feeling of inferiority they had in the past. In fact there has been a growing tendency in the past few years for the middle-classes to feel slightly ashamed of their position.
The changes in both life-styles and attitudes are probably most easily seen amongst younger people. They generally tend to share very similar tastes in music and clothes, they spend their money in having a good time, and save for holidays or longer-term plans when necessary. There seems to be much less difference than in previous generations. Nevertheless, we still have a wide gap between the well-paid (whatever the type of job they may have) and the low-paid. As long as this gap exists, there will always be a possibility that new conflicts and jealousies will emerge, or rather that the old conflicts will re-appear, but between different groups.

A.Middle-class peoplemay sometimes feel inferior to working-class people.
B.Difference in income will remain but those in occupation will disappear.
C.Changes are slowlytaking place in all sectors of the British society.
D.The gap between working-class and middle-class young people is narrowing.?
E.Better socialsecurity.
F.Higher living standard.
G.More jobopportunities.
H.Better legal protection.
I.Having priorities inlife.
J.Making long term plans.
BA.Desiring for security.
BB.Saving money.
BC.Life style andoccupation.
BD.Job security andhobbies.
BE.Attitude and income.
BF.Income and job security.
BG.middle-class attitudes
BH.working-class drinking habits
BI.working-class ways ofspending the weekend
BJ.middle-class ways of spending money
11.[单选题]Most young people enjoy some form of physical activity. It may be walking, cycling or swimming, or in winter, skating or skiing. It may be a game of some kind — football, hockey, golf, or tennis. It may be mountaineering.
Those who have a passion for climbing high and difficult mountains are often looked upon with astonishment. Why are men and women willing to suffer cold and hardship, and to take risks on high mountains? This astonishment is caused probably by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity to which men give their leisure.
Mountaineering is a sport and not a game. There are no man-made rules, as there are for such games as golf and football. There are, of course, rules of a different kind which it would be dangerous to ignore, but it is this freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people. Those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods.
If we compare mountaineering and other more familiar sports, we might think that one big difference is that mountaineering is not a “team game”. We should be mistaken in this. There are, it is true, no “matches” between “teams” of climbers, but when climbers are on a rock face linked by a rope on which their lives may depend, there is obvious teamwork.
The mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than man. He has to fight the forces of nature. His sport requires high mental and physical qualities.
A mountain climber continues to improve in skill year after year. A skier is probably past his best by the age of thirty, and most international tennis champions are in their early twenties. But it is not unusual for a man of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the Alps. They may take more time than younger men, but they probably climb with more skill and less waste of efforts, and they certainly experience equal enjoyment.

A.teams compete against each other
B.mountaineers depend on each other while climbing
C.there are 5 climbers in each team
D.it is an Olympic event
E.all of the above
F.cold
G.physical risk
H.hardship
I.international standards
J.each other
BA.other teams
BB.nature
BC.activity
BD.uniform
BE.participants
BF.rules
BG.Mountaineering
BH.Mountaineering is Different From Golf and Football
BI.Mountain Climbers
BJ.Mountaineering is More Attractive Than Other Sports
12.[单选题]At some time in your life you may have a strong desire to do something strange or terrible. However, chances are that you don’t act on your impulse, but let it pass instead. You know that to commit the action is wrong in some way and that other people will not accept your behavior.
Perhaps the most interesting thing about the phenomenon of taboo behavior is how it can change over the years within the same society, how certain behavior and attitudes once considered taboo can become perfectly acceptable and natural at another point in time. Topics such as death, for example, were once considered so upsetting and unpleasant that it was a taboo to even talk about them. Now with the publication of important books such as On Death and Dying and Learning to Say Goodbye, people have become more aware of the importance of expressing feelings about death and, as a result, are more willing to talk about this taboo subject.
One of the newest taboos in American society is the topic of fat. Unlike many other taboos, fat is topic that Americans talk about constantly. It’s not taboo to talk about fat; it’s taboo to be fat. The “in” look is thin, not fat. In the work world, most companies prefer youthful-looking, trim executives to sell their image as well as their products to the public. The thin look is associated with youth, vigor, and success. The fat person, on the other hand, is thought of as lazy and lacking in energy, self-discipline, and self-respect. In an image-conscious society like theU.S., thin is “in”, fat is “out”.
It’s not surprising, then, that millions of Americans have become obsessed with staying slim and “in shape”. The pursuit of a youthful physical appearance is not, however, the sole reason forAmerica’s fascination with diet and exercise. Recent research has shown the critical importance of diet and exercise for personal health. As in most technologically developed nations, the life-style of North Americans has changed dramatically during the course of the last century. Modern machines do all the physical labor that people were once forced to do by hand. Cars and buses transport us quickly from point to point. As a result of inactivity and disuse, people’s bodies can easily become weak and vulnerable to disease. In an effort to avoid such a fate, millions of Americans are spending more of their time exercising.

A.thin is “youthful”, fat is “spiritless”
B.thin is “inside”, fat is “outside”?
C.thin is “diligent”,fat is “lazy”
D.thin is “fashionable”, fat is “unfashionable”
E.the same as
F.more popular than
G.different from
H.less often talked about than
I.the encouragement they have received from their companies
J.their eagerness to stay thin and youthful
BA.their changed life-style
BB.their appreciation ofthe importance of exercise
BC.is not considered ataboo by most people
BD.has long been a taboo?? ??
BE.will always remain a taboo?? ?
BF.may no longer be a taboo some day
BG.behavior considered unacceptable in society’s eyes
BH.an unfavorableimpression left on other people
BI.a crime committed on impulse
BJ.a strong desire to dosomething strange or terrible
13.[单选题]English people are less genetically diverse today than they were in the days of the Vikings, possibly due to two deadly diseases that swept their country centuries ago, a new study says.
The study compared DNA from ancient and modern Englanders and found that the country has a smaller gene pool than it did a thousand years ago.
The findings come in contrast to modem England’s reputation as a cultural melting pot, where in many major cities you are as likely to hear Urdu from India or Yoruba from Nigeria being spoken on the streets as English.?
Rus Hoelzel, a geneticist from theBritain’s University of Durham, and his colleagues obtained DNA samples from the skeletal remains of 48 ancient Britons who lived between A. D. 300 and 1000. The researchers studied the DNA, which was passed down from mothers to their children. By comparing the DNA with that of thousands of people from various ethnic backgrounds living inEnglandtoday, they found that genetic diversity was greater in the ancient population. The team also compared the ancient DNA with samples from people living in continental Europe and the Middle East, and found a similar lack of genetic variety.
One possible explanation for this narrowing of diversity might be two major outbreaks of plague that sweptEnglandand much of Europe — the Black Death (1341-1351) and the Great Plague (1 5 -1 ).
The Black Death epidemic is estimated to have killed as much as 50 percent of the population of Europe. Three centuries later, a fifth of the population of London died in the Great Plague. However, these diseases didn’t kill randomly, Hoelzel explained. “The plague killed some people while others remained resistant,” he said.
Eske Willerslev, a specialist in ancient DNA from the University of Copenhagen, said he is surprised by the findings but agrees that the historic epidemics may explain the loss in diversity.
Since the diseases, it appears thatEnglandhasn’t been able to make up the loss to the gene pool, despite the high rate of immigration into the country over the past 200 years.

A.England, European continent and Middle ?East all suffer from lack of genetic variety.
B.The genetic information carried by DNA is passed to children from fathers.
C.The ancient DNA used in this study was gathered from the bones of the ancient British people.
D.Although modernEnglandhas high immigration rate, it still suffers from poor genetic variety.
E.took less than half of the population away in England
F.left some people alive with resistance for the diseases
G.broke out between the thirteenth century and the sixteenth century
H.affected England more than any other countries in Europe
I.English people speak many different languages
J.England is famous for exporting melting pot
BA.England has a close diplomatic relationship withIndiaandNigeria
BB.England has a population of many different cultural origins
BC.Willerslev was not prepared to see the lack of genetic variety in modern England
BD.the gene bank will need to introduce more new genes to make up for its losses
BE.England will need to immigrate more people to make up its gene loss
BF.many immigrants moved toEnglandto seek a new life after the two diseases
BG.great changes have taken place in the genetic contents in the DNA
BH.there is less DNA diversity in modern Englishmen than in their ancestors
BI.modern Englishmen has the same DNA diversity as their ancestors
BJ.DNA differs among different people from different ethnic backgrounds
14.[单选题]It is difficult for a visitor to India to avoid noticing the poverty which surrounds him. The truth is that the land will yield only enough food to support two thirds ofIndia’s 480 million people. In a frank examination of Indian poverty, Ronald Segal in THE CRISIS OF INDIA observes: “Not only is the Indian economy overwhelmingly agricultural; it is less productive, land measure for land measure, than the agricultural economies of most other states. Too many people struggle to wrest survival from the earth, and the earth yields far too little in return.”
“The stark consequence is that India produces only enough to feed a little less than two thirds of its population adequately. In a recent year, with a population of 438 million, food production reached 18 million tons. Together with three million tons of imported food, this permitted an average consumption of 1 .5 ounces a day, or 8.5 ounces less than the essential minimum recommended by nutritionists. If a diet necessary to sustain health was provided for as many people as possible, some 150 million people inIndiawould have nothing whatsoever to eat. If everyone received the same food, 438 million people would eat less than two thirds of what their bodies required. As it is, a few are able to buy more food than they need, some can just afford the necessary diet, most live in constant—if manageable—want, and many (no one knows how many, but they are numbered in tens of millions) exist in a state of starvation.”
And time is not onIndia’s side. While production moves barely perceptibly, the population gallops along at something like 9,400,000 a year.

A.to support his own remarks
B.to appeal for foreignassistance
C.to develop the ideain the last paragraph
D.to stress the need for family planning
E.the rest would have adiet necessary to sustain their health
F.the rest would get hungry
G.the rest would have 1 .5 ounces of food a day
H.the rest would have 8.5 ounces less than the minimum diet
I.is a factor which will improve the situation eventually
J.will gradually remedy the shortage
BA.is inadequate to cope with the rising population
BB.is not less than therate of increase in the population
BC.320 million people
BD.1 0 million people
BE.480 million people
BF.438 million people
BG.are comparatively inefficient
BH.are likely to improve in time
BI.need improving
BJ.are productive but the population goes too fast
15.[单选题]Cancer of the lung is still the leading cause of cancer death in men and women worldwide, and although its incidence in men may be falling in theUK, in much of the world it is rising in both sexes. The first cigarettes had been rolled by soldiers in the Turkish-Egyptian war more than 90 years before the first of the two world wars that popularized smoking. Between 1938 and 1948 lung cancer increased five times faster than other cancers, but these statistics were no match for the impact of Hollywood stars smoking in films. By this time women were smoking almost as much as men.
There are two main types of lung cancer, determined by the type of cell involved—small cell and non-small cell lung cancer. Around 15% of cases are of the non-small cell variety, the standard small cell lung cancers account for 20% and a few rarer types of lung cancer complete the balance. About 90% of all lung cancer cases can be attributed to smoking. The outcome is still not good. The five-year survival rate in those with lung cancer is approximately 15%.
Depending on the type of cancer, surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy may be used, but if the cancer has not spread, the first line of treatment is usually surgery. If the tumor has spread, either radiotherapy, chemotherapy or both may be used, sometimes in combination.
The choice of treatment will depend on the type of cell forming the cancer and the extent of its growth. Advanced non-small cell cancer is usually treated with chemotherapy and in these cases radiotherapy is used for symptomatic treatment. Likewise in small cell cancer, which has usually spread beyond the original site at diagnosis so that surgery is unlikely to be used and the mainstay of treatment is chemotherapy and radiation.

A.Because there is still about 90% of all lung cancer cases resulting from smoking now.
B.Because only 15% of lung cancer sufferers can live for 5 years.
C.A few rarer types of lung cancer are still beyond curability.
D.Because cigarette leads to small cell as well as non-small cell lung cancer.
E.How to treat patients merely rests on the type of cell forming the cancer.
F.Surgery is unlikely to be used in the treatment of advanced small cell cancer.
G.Both radiotherapy and chemotherapy can be used to treat small cell cancer.
H.Radiotherapy can hardly address advanced non-small cell cancer virtually.
I.Hollywood stars’ influence exclusively boosted smoking.
J.During World War II cigarettes’ impact was well verified.
BA.The first cigarettes were rolled more than 90 years ago.
BB.It is only the First World War that really popularized smoking.
BC.pessimistic
BD.positive
BE.worried
BF.impersonal
1 .[单选题]How to Get Involved in Volunteerism and Community Service?
In the summer of 2009, President Obama called on all Americans — young and old, from every background all across the country — to make volunteerism and community service part of their daily lives.
As the federal agency for service and volunteering, the Corporation for Nation and Community Service leads AmeriCorps and Senior Corps as part of out efforts that annually engage more than 5 million Americans in service.
How to get involved
National service and volunteering open the door to incredibly rewarding experiences — both for you and those you serve. But finding the opportunity that best suits your skills and expectations can make all the difference.
Here are some questions to ask yourself before you sign up to serve.
Do you have a passion?
? Do you love sports or outdoor pursuits, or would you rather be involved in issues pertaining to local or national heritage?
? Do you care deeply about environmental and conservation issues and want to focus your efforts in that area?
? Are you interested in working in a healthcare or mental health setting?
? Do you prefer working with children, young people, or older adults?
How much time can you give?
? Can you serve during the week, or does your schedule limit the amount of time you can commit?
? Can you make a minimum one-year commitment?
What do you bring, or want to acquire?
? What skills do you bring? For example, are your skills and interests more administrative and managerial? Would you want to help run an organization?
? Are you willing to go through a training program?
? Is service a way for you to get practical training and experience to help you get a job, or to get certification or credentials for a current job or educational pursuit?
? What do you hope to gain from the experience, building skills, helping people, working on a team, making friends?
Where and how do you want to serve?
? Would you like to work with someone on a one-on-one basis, such as mentoring a teen or helping an adult learn to read?
? Do you prefer working in a group — as part of a team — such as helping to renovate a community center or preparing and serving food at a homeless shelter?
? Are you comfortable responding to situations as they arise, or do you need to know what to expect when you come in?
? What supports, such as transportation or child care, would you need?
? Would you like to work independently on issues such as creating community assets or developing local agencies’ abilities to serve their communities better?
Benefits of Service
? Do you want to acquire qualities of leadership and gain a sense of satisfaction from taking on responsibilities that directly affect peoples’ lives?
? Do you want to learn new skills that can help you prepare for a job?
? Do you want to earn an Education Award to pay off qualified student loans or to finance college, graduate school, or vocational training?
? Do you want to help your community, help yourself and make a difference in the lives of someone in need?
? Do you want to earn a small stipend for your regular service?
Ready to Join?
If you’re ready to join and already know what program you want to serve in, visit the sites for our programs:
Join AmeriCorps at https://www.nationalservice.gov/programs/americorps
Join Senior Corps at https://www.nationalservice.gov/programs/senior-corps

A.“What do you bring, or want to acquire?”
B.“How much time can you give?”
C.“Where and how do you want to serve?”
D.“Do you have a passion?”
E.No more than once a week
F.At least once every week.
G.At least one year.
H.No more than one year.
I.convincing
J.enlightening
BA.persuasive
BB.instructive
BC.private volunteering organizations
BD.organizations established by the President
BE.federal volunteering plans
BF.beneficiaries of volunteering
11.[单选题]What is green coffee? Before Dr. Oz featured it on his show this year, creating a global consumer feeding frenzy, it had already been investigated over thirty years ago for its possible liver-regenerating, detoxifying and anti-cancer properties.
This is not to say that roasted coffee does not have its benefits too. In fact, research from the mid-1980’s found that roasting coffee produces unique cancer-suppressing compounds not found in green coffee. There may also be unique mood-enhancing properties in the roasted coffee bean associated with the fat-soluble compound known as cafestrol, which may not be found (or easily absorbed) in green coffee. But this "benefit" may also be a liability for those who may be prone to drinking too much, or feel they are prone to being "addicted" to habitual coffee consumption.
But one thing definitely is that green coffee is far higher in sheer antioxidant potential than roasted coffee, and most anything else we consume or drink on a daily basis. And considering how stress, chemical exposures, dietary deficiency, all lead to increasing oxidative stress in the body (which is a cause of premature aging, cellular damage, and even increased risk for cancers)， increasing antioxidant levels in our diet can make a world of difference.
Keep in mind that green coffee really isn’t all that “new.” It is believed that cultivation of the coffee bean originated in the area of Arabia on the Red Sea over 900 years ago, and that at the time, the beans were not roasted but brewed in a manner quite similar to tea.
So, what are the likely health benefits of green coffee? Despite the present Oz-generated craze to identify green coffee consumption with weight loss, the primary finding is that it has beneficial blood pressure modulating properties. It may improve Type 2 Diabetes too.
In the most widely publicized study on green coffee, conducted by Dr. Joe Vinson of the University of Scranton, subjects received either a high dose green coffee extract (1050 mg), a lower dose (100 mg) or a placebo for six-weeks, followed by a two-week washout period to reduce any influence of preceding treatment. Primary measurements were body weight, body mass index, and percent body fat. Blood pressure and heart rate were also measured. The results were a significant reduction in observed body weight, body mass index, and percent body fat, as well as a small decrease in heart rate.
Dr. Vinson believes that green coffee’s uniquely high concentration of chlorogenic acid may be responsible for some of its observed weight-loss promoting effects. chlorogenic acid is known to increase the absorption of glucose, which offsets some of the insulin resistance and blood sugar elevations associated with type 2 diabetes. Indeed, there is a solid body of clinical literature linking chlorogenic acid to the well-known anti-diabetic properties of coffee.
So, is green coffee a new “magic bullet,” or is it just another fad? We don’t know. But, relative to some of the pharmaceutical interventions used today to “treat” overweight and obesity, diabetes and high blood pressure, the research thus far indicates green coffee may make for a promising natural alternative.

A.The study lasted totally eight weeks.
B.The influence of green coffee extract could be completely reduced in two weeks
C.The subjects were dividedinto three groups.
D.Both green coffee extract and roasted coffee extract were used.
E.benefit blood pressure
F.regenerate liver
G.help lose weight
H.help supporters cancer
I.oxidant in the body
J.food for every meal
BA.anti-oxidant in the body
BB.chemical exposure
BC.the effectiveness of greencoffee is still unknown
BD.the future of green coffee is still controversial
BE.green coffee may be used to replace pharmaceutical intervention
BF.green coffee is justanother pharmaceutical intervention
BG.the cancer-suppressing properties of roasted coffee
BH.the superiority of roastedcoffee over green coffee
BI.the mood-enhancingproperties of roasted coffee
BJ.the fat-solute compound found in roasted coffee
18.[单选题]It is predicted that there will be 5 scientific breakthroughs in the 21st century.
We’ll know where we came from. Why does the universe exist? To put it another way, why is there something instead of nothing? Since the 1920s, scientists have known the universe in expanding, which means it must have started at a definite time in the past. They even have developed theories that give a detailed picture of the evolution of the universe from the time it was a fraction of a second old to the preset. We will have a better understanding of how matter behaves at the unfathomably high temperatures and pressures of the early universe.
We’ll crack the genetic code and conquer cancer. As scientists learn more about genetic code and the way cells work at the molecular level, many serious diseases — cancer, for one — will become less threatening. Using manufactured therapeutic viruses, doctors will be able to replace cancer — causing damaged DNA with healthy genes, probably administered by a pill or injection.
We’ll live longer (120 years?). 21st century strides in genetic medicine may let us control and even reverse the process. But before we push scientists to do more, consider: Do we really want to lie in a world where no one grows old and few children are born because the planet can hold only so many people? Where would new ideas com from? What would we do with all the extra time?
We’ll “manage” Earth. In the next millennium, we’ll stop talking about the weather but will do something about it. We’ll gradually learn how to predict the effects of human activity on the Earth, its climate and its ecosystem.
We’ll have a brain “road map”. Early in the next century, we will use advanced forms of magnetic resonance imaging to produce detailed maps of the neurons in operation. We’ll be able to say with certainty which ones are working when you read a word, when you say a word, why you think about a word, and so on.

A.changing the order ofgenes
B.killing the damaged DNA
C.using manufactured “therapeutic” viruses?? ??
D.using a normal pill or injection
E.We will make earth sunny everyday.
F.We will change theorder of four seasons.
G.We’ll know more about the weather and change it.
H.We’ll predict theeffects of human activity on the Earth, its climate and its ecosystem.
I.a map of blood flowing in the brain
J.a map of the brain’s parts
BA.a map of the neurons in operation /span>
BB.a map of magneticresonance
BC.they have found certain matter that can behave at high temperature
BD.they have made clearthe evolution of the universe
BE.they have developedrelated theories
BF.they have known the universe in expanding
BG.careful
BH.favorable
BI.opponent
BJ.indifferent
19.[单选题]The fitness movement that began in the late 19 0s and 1910s centered around aerobic exercise. Millions of individuals became engaged in a variety of aerobic activities, and literally thousands of health spas developed around the country to capitalize on this emerging interest in fitness, particularly aerobic dancing for females. A number of fitness spas existed prior to this aerobic fitness movement, even a national chain with spas in most major cities. However, their focus was not on aerobics, but rather on weight-training programs designed to develop muscular mass, strength, and endurance in their primarily male enthusiasts. These fitness spas did not seem to benefit financially from the aerobic fitness movement to better health, since medical opinion suggested that weight-training programs offered few, if any, health benefits. In recent years, however, weight training has again become increasingly popular for males and for females. Many current programs focus not only on developing muscular strength and endurance but on aerobic fitness as well.
Historically, most physical-fitness tests have usually included measures of muscular strength and endurance, not for health-related reasons, but primarily because such fitness components have been related to performance in athletics. However, in recent years, evidence has shown that training programs designed primarily to improve muscular strength and endurance might also offer some health benefits as well. The American College of Sports Medicine now recommends that weight training be part of a total fitness program for healthy Americans. Increased participation in such training is one of the specific physical activity and fitness objectives of Healthy People 2000: National Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Objectives.

A.what kind of fitness center was suitable for them
B.what their healthcondition was like
C.whether they were fit for aerobic exercise
D.how well they could do in athletics
E.recreation centers
F.athletic trainingprograms
G.places for physical exercise
H.sports activities
I.has become an essential part of people’s life
J.may well affect the health of the trainees
BA.will attract morepeople in the days to come
BB.may contribute to health improvement as well
BC.the promotion of aerobic exercise
BD.endurance and muscular development
BE.the improvement ofwomen’s figures
BF.better performance in aerobic dancing
BG.Negative.
BH.Cautious.
BI.Positive.
BJ.Indifferent.
80.[单选题]3 Great Examples of Friendship in the Bible
by Jenn Arman
Often we read our Bibles focusing on the actions and attitudes of a single person and forget to notice the bonds of friendship that hold people together. So let’s look at a few friendships in the Bible and just what made them great!
David and Jonathan
If ever there was an example of dedicated friendship, it was between these guys. David had been recognized and anointed by Samuel as the next king of Israel, and Jonathan was the son of Saul, the current king of Israel. This is what the Bible says about the day that David and Jonathan met:
After David had finished talking with Saul, he met Jonathan, the king’s son. There was an immediate bond between them, for Jonathan loved David. From that day on Saul kept David with him and wouldn’t let him return home. And Jonathan made a solemn pact with David, because he loved him as he loved himself.(1 Samuel 18:1-3, NLT).
That solemn pact between David and Jonathan included Jonathan giving David the robe from his back, his tunic, his sword, bow and belt. Jonathan showed his friendship to David by giving David all he had, including his weapons! Later when David first flees from Saul’s wrath, he tells Jonathan about his fears that Saul wants him dead. It is Jonathan who turns against his father, confirming David’s suspicions of Saul’s intentions and allowing him to escape. Jonathan valued David’s friendship more than his position as heir to the throne of Israel.
Job’s friends
I know that when I read Job, I don’t always feel like Job’s friends (Eliphaz, Bildad and Zophar) are as supportive as they could be, but sometimes our friends just don’t know what to say. Have you ever encountered a difficult situation in your life and even your best friend didn’t know what to say to make you feel better? I think that’s the situation Job’s friends found themselves in. Job lost everything — his wealth, children and health; as a friend, how do you even begin to help your hurting friend deal with a situation like that?
Job’s friends knew exactly how to begin:
When three of Job’s friends heard of the tragedy he had suffered, they got together and traveled from their homes to comfort and console him. When they saw Job from a distance, they scarcely recognized him. Wailing loudly, they tore their robes and threw dust into the air over their heads to show their grief. Then they sat on the ground with him for seven days and nights. No one said a word to Job, for they saw that his suffering was too great for words. (Job 2:11-13, NLT).
When there were no words that could ease Job’s suffering, his friends joined him in his grief and were just silent. The best friends understand that sometimes their presence is more important than their words.
Elijah and Elisha
Elijah had a rough job, he made a lot of powerful people angry and he wasn’t really a favorite of the kings of Israel. Elijah called down fire from heaven and killed two captains of the king’s guard and 100 soldiers. He battled the prophets of Baal and won. He prayed that it wouldn’t rain in Israel, and it didn’t — for three years. People were always trying to kill Elijah; they didn’t like being confronted by prophets of God.
To help him carry on his work, God found Elijah a friend and successor, Elisha. Elisha was a loyal and dedicated friend. In 2 Kings 2, God calls Elijah to Bethel to take him to heaven. Elisha was about to lose his friend and mentor; he would be all on his own. When Elijah told Elisha to stay, while he went on to Bethel, Elisha said:
“As surely as the Lord lives and you yourself live, I will never leave you!” (2 Kings 2:2, NLT).
Elisha knew that God was going to take Elijah from him at Bethel, but in spite of the sadness he would feel, Elisha refused to leave Elijah’s side.
Dedication, loyalty, love, comfort and sacrifice are some of the qualities that made these friendships great.

A.How to help yourhurting friends when they lose everything.
B.There were no words that could ease Job’s suffering.
C.The best friends’ presence is sometimes more important than their words.
D.A difficult situation in which even your beat friends don’t know what to say.
E.He confirmed David’s suspicions and allowed him escape.
F.He told David that King Saul, his father, wanted him dead.
G.He helped Davidescape successfully.
H.He valued David’sfriendship more than his position as heir to the throne.
I.Hewas Elijah’s successor.
J.He saved Elijah in the end.
BA.He was Elijah’s mentor.
BB.He called Elijah to Bethel.
BC.He battled the prophets of Baal and lost.
BD.He was a favorite of the kings of Israel.
BE.He called down firefrom heaven and killed 1,000 soldiers.
BF.He prayed that it wouldn’t rain in Israel, and it didn’t — for three years.
BG.What is true aboutElisha?
BH.His belt.
BI.His sword.
BJ.The robe.
CA.His tunic.
81.[单选题]Upon reaching an appropriate age (usually between 18 and 21 years), children are encouraged, but not forced, to “leave the nest” and begin an independent life. After children leave home they often find social relationship and financial support outside the family. Parents do not arrange marriages for their children, nor do children usually ask permission of their parents to get married. Romantic love is most often the basis for marriage in theUnited States; young adults meet their future spouses through other friends, at jobs, and in organizations and religious institutions. Although children choose their own spouses, they still hope their parents will approve of their choices.
In many families, parents feel that children should make major life decisions by themselves. A parent may try to influence a child to follow a particular profession but the child is free to choose another career. Sometimes children do precisely the opposite of what their parents wish in order to assert their independence. A son may deliberately decide not to go into his father’s business because of a fear that he will lose his autonomy in his father’s workplace. This independence from parents is not an indication that parents and children do not love each other. Strong love between parents and children is universal and this is no exception in the American family. Coexisting with such love in the American family are cultural values of self – reliance and independence.

A.the pursuit of a career
B.marriage arrangements
C.family values
D.decision making
E.he wants to prove his independence
F.he wishes to make full use of what he has learnt in school
G.he wishes to do the opposite of what his parents approve of
H.he wants to show his love for his parents
I.They want to challenge the authority of their parents.
J.They want to win the permission of their parents.
BA.They enjoy the freedom of choosing their spouses.
BB.They have a strong desire to become independent.
BC.American young adults possess cultural values of independence
BD.once a young person steps into his twenties, he will leave his home permanently
BE.most American people never make major decisions for their children
BF.American young adults are likely to follow the suit of their parents
BG.love
BH.financial concern
BI.their parents
BJ.family background
82.[单选题]A new scheme for getting children to and from school is being started by the education authorities in part of Eastern England. This could end the worries of many parents fearful for their children’s safety on the roads.
Until now the Country Council has only been prepared to provide bus services for children living more than three miles from their school, or sometimes less if special reasons existed. Now it has been decided that if a group of parents ask for help in organizing transport they will be prepared to go ahead, provided the arrangement will not lose money and that children taking part will be attending their nearest school.
The new scheme is to be tried out this term for children living at Milton who attend Impington school. The children live just within the three-mile limit and the Council has said in the past it will not undertake to provide free transport to the school. But now they have agreed to organize a bus service from Milton to Impington and back, a plan which has the support of the school’s headmaster.
Between 50 and 0 parents have said they would like their children to take part. Final calculations have still to be carried out, but a council official has said the cost to parents should be less than ￡ .50 a term.
They have been able to arrange the service at a low cost because there is already an agreement with the bus company for a bus to take children who live further away to Impington. The same bus would now just make an extra journey to pick up the Milton children. The official said they would get in touch with other groups of parents who in the past had asked if transport could be provided for their children, to see if they would like to take part in the new scheme.

A.who would have had to walk otherwise
B.whose parents were worried about them
C.who could not walk
D.who had to travel a long way
E.only in wet weather
F.only for children living more than three miles away
G.in connection with an existing service
H.on morning journeys to school only
I.whose children stayed away from school
J.who had not yet answered letters
BA.who didn’t want to pay
BB.who had asked about transport before
BC.the education department
BD.the bus company
BE.the school’s headmaster
BF.the parents
BG.live in Milton and go to Impington school
BH.live in Impington and go to Milton school
BI.live in Impington and go to Impington school
BJ.live in Milton and go to Milton school
83.[单选题]How to Select an E-reader Wisely
Nowadays, more and more people tend to read an e-book. Current trends show that e-book popularity is growing and it may become the format of choice for most people in the near future.
E-books are usually read on an electronic device, such as smartphone, notebook PC, tablet, or best of all, an e-reader. Today, dozens of e-readers have come onto the market, and more are on their way. You may worry about whether you should buy an Amazon Kindle or a Bebook ebook reader, a Kobe eReader or a Barnes and Noble Nook. The key to enhance the joy of e-reading is selecting an e-reader that meets your need the best. The following points may help you wisely narrow down your choice.
Ebook Reader or Handheld Computer? — One of the most important things to consider is what, exactly, you will be using your e-reader for. Do you want it solely for browsing e-books, or will you want to do more than that? Given that many handheld computers and Smartphones such as the iPad, Blackberry and Android have e-book reading Apps that give you an e-reader as part of a larger phone/computer/personal digital assistant experience, would you get more value for money out of one of those?
What do you read? — Think about the kinds of text that you read regularly. E-readers can support magazines, newspapers and PDFs that you may get as attachments or downloaded from the Internet, as well as digital books. Are you likely to need all of those functions? If yes, ensure that the e-reader that you choose is compatible with them all and in particular, make sure that it can support any special document files that you read often.
Capacity — One of the biggest advantages that e-readers have over conventional books and libraries is that you can load multiple e-books into one slim, light-weight e-book reader and don’t have to carry a huge bagful of printed material around with you all the time. Check that any e-reader you buy has the capacity that hold as many e-books, magazine and online newspapers as you will require.
Computer Connection or Wifi? — When it comes to actually downloading your chosen e-book you have a couple of ways in which it can be done. Some e-book readers require you to connect them to your main computer, just as you do an iPod, to browse online libraries and download electronic books and newspapers. However, other e-readers have Wifi and 3G, allowing you to access online book stores and download new e-books anywhere, any time.

A.Not all e-readers have Wifi or 3G.
B.All e-readers now have Wifi or 3G.
C.Some e-readers refuse to work without computer connection.
D.Some e-readers can download e-books only with Wifi or 3G.
E.are more worth buying than e-readers
F.e-readers can help you find whatever you like to read
G.should not be used ase-readers
H.can be used for e-reading too
I.storage
J.weight
BA.size
BB.portability
BC.notebook PCs
BD.tablets
BE.smartphones
BF.e-readers
BG.different e-readers support different formats of files
BH.e-readers can help you find whatever you like to read
BI.some conventional books are not meant for e-reading /span>
BJ.e-books cannot be read without being downloaded
84.[单选题]The more women and minorities make their way into the ranks of management, the more they seem to want to talk about things formerly judged to be best left unsaid. The newcomers also tend to see office matters with a fresh eye, in the process sometimes coming up with critical analyses of the forces that shape everyone’s experience in the organization.
Consider the novel views of Harvey Coleman of Atlanta on the subject of getting ahead. Coleman is black. He spent 11 years with IBM, half of them working in management development, and now serves as a consultant to the likes of AT&T, Coca-Cola, Prudential, and Merch. Coleman says that based on what he’s seen at big companies, he weighs the different elements that make for long-term career success as follows: performance counts a mere 10%, image, 30%; and exposure, a full 0%. Coleman concludes that excellent job performance is so common these days that while doing your work well may win you pay increases, it won’t secure you the big promotion. He finds that advancement more often depends on how many people know you and your work, and how high up they are.
Ridiculous beliefs? Not to many people, especially many women and members of minority races who, like Coleman, feel that the scales have dropped from their eyes. “Women and blacks in organizations work under false beliefs,” says Kaleel Jamison, a New York-based management consultant who helps corporations deal with these issues. “They think that if you work hard, you’ll get ahead — that someone in authority will reach down and give you a promotion.” She adds, “Most women and blacks are so frightened that people will think they’ve gotten ahead because of their sex or color that they play down their visibility.” Her advice to those folks: learn the ways that white males have traditionally used to find their way into the spotlight.

A.Job Performance and Advancement
B.Sex and Career Success
C.The Importance of Being Visible
D.Role of Women and Minorities in Management
E.know that someone in authority will reach down and give them a promotion
F.believe they can get promoted by reason of their sex or color
G.want to give people the impression that they work under false beliefs
H.don’t want people to think that their promotions were due to sex or color
I.criticisms that shape everyone’s experience
J.the opinions which contradict the established beliefs
BA.the ideas which usually come up with usually come up with new ways of management in the organization
BB.the tendencies that help the newcomers to see office matters with a fresh eye
BC.work as a consultant to your superiors
BD.project a favorable image to the people around you
BE.perform well your tasks given by your superiors
BF.let your superiors know how good you are
BG.superficial
BH.popular
BI.biased
BJ.insightful
85.[单选题]Social Problems and the Decline of Family
By Linda & Richard Eyre
The clear connection between the decline of families and the world’s social problems cannot be ignored. The trick is figuring out which is the cause and which is the effect. Most economists and politicians blame both social ills and family instabilities on poverty. Our thesis is that the cause and effect works both ways and that poverty, instability and social problems are often the direct result of declining or poorly functioning families.
A strong case can be made for family (or lack of family) as the cause and everything else as the effect or the result. After all, everything, including each of us, originates with families, with homes, with parents; and how those homes function largely determines the economic, moral and character results that come out of them.
But of course it is a mistake to oversimplify or to claim that all social problems are directly created by inadequate families. Our social ills have many causes, but the “cause” of the most far-reaching and devastating “effects,” aka “social ills” — and the one we are finally on the verge of understanding — is the decline and breakdown of the family and the accompanying deterioration of basic personal values.
There has been no shortage of comment and speculation about “family decline” and “values deterioration” in recent years, but two things have been wrong, or at least inadequate, in most of what has been written and spoken.
First, most of the dialogue is too theoretical and academic. The statistics about divorce, latchkey children, decreasing parent-child communication, and time spent together are academic parts of sociology courses. Increases in violence, gangs, substance abuse, bullying, teen promiscuity and pregnancy, crime, teen suicide, gang violence, school dropout rate and AIDS are daily headlines, nightly news and the subjects of all kinds of popular discussion and the targets of all kinds of proposed “solutions.” But these are rarely connected clearly to their most predictable cause — the breakdown of the families and values. Common sense tells us of the connection, of the cause and effect, yet we keep talking about, worrying about and working on the effects and ignoring the cause.
The fundamental question that always arises is, “Are social problems ravaging our families, or are failing marriages and troubled families making social problems inevitable?”
The real answer, of course, is, “Both.”
In a classic vicious cycle, more of one breeds more of the other, and more of the other breeds more of the one.
But chicken-and-egg dilemmas are not entirely imponderable or unsolvable. In fact, the metaphor is perfect for this discussion. Viewing social problems as the chicken and ineffective, uncommitted dysfunctional families as the egg should make it clear that we must focus our efforts on the micro if we want to impact the macro. The “chicken” is running around, hard to catch, hard to effectively examine or fully diagnose, as well as being expensive and complicated to deal with. Social problems are as elusive as a wild, erratic chicken. We try to deal with them with more money, more police, more jails and more public education. More often than not, we seem to make them worse. Eventually, we bankrupt ourselves and exhaust our well-intentioned idea. Once the “chicken” is hatched — out of the “egg” and into our court system, our welfare system, our legislative system — it becomes impossibly expensive. It is estimated that, in the United States, we spend over $20 billion annually dealing with the “chicken” of teen pregnancy (the preventive programs, the educational decline, the abortions, the huge welfare payments to unwed mothers and poverty-stricken children ... the list doesn’t stop). Similar “run amuck” scenarios exist with drugs, violence, abuse, gangs and with every social problem.
The egg, on the other hand, is small, stationary, right under our noses, and can be positively impacted by our solutions. We have to reach the egg. Solutions to most social problems lie in the home. The home-egg must be valued, prioritized, strengthened so that it produces solutions rather than problems, contributors rather than abusers, builders rather than destroyers.

A.Social problem anddysfunctional families.
B.Teen pregnancy and unwed mothers.
C.One and the other.
D.Effects and cause.
E.Increase in violence, gangs, substance abuse, teen promiscuity and pregnancy.
F.Divorce, latchkey children, decreasing parent-child communication.
G.Crime, teen suicide,gang violence, school dropout rate.
H.Family decline and values deterioration.
I.the widening gapbetween the rich and the poor
J.declining or poorly functioning families
BA.poverty
BB.social instability
BC.unsolvable
BD.irresistible
BE.impossible
BF.unimaginable
BG.Similar “run amuck” scenarios that exist with drugs, violence, abuse, gangs and with every social problems.
BH.The second thing thathas been wrong, or at least inadequate, in most of what has been written andspoken.
BI.The connection between the decline of families and the world’s social problems.
BJ.The statistics about divorce, latchkey children, decreasing parent-child communication and time spent together.
8 .[单选题]The Royal House of Windsor ―The current British Royal Family Tree
The Royal House of Windsor was founded in 1911, by royal proclamation of the Queen’s grandfather, King George V. The name was adopted as the new British Royal Family’s official name replacing that of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. This was due in the main to anti German feeling which was very much in evidence in Great Britain during World War I. Windsor remains the family name of the current British Royal Family.
The current head of the House of Windsor is her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, who ascended to the throne in 1952 and was crowned at the first televised coronation in 1953. She is married to Prince Philip, the Duke Of Edinburgh. They have four children, Prince Charles, Princess Anne, Prince Andrew and Prince Edward.
Their son and heir, Prince Charles― the Prince of Wales, has two sons from his marriage to Lady Diana Spencer whom was killed in a car crash in 1991, Prince William who is second in line to succession and Prince Harry. When Prince Charles remarried, in 2005, it was to his long time companion Camilla Parker-Bowles, however their union was initially met with a mixed response.
Prince William, the Duke of Cambridge married Kate Middleton in April 2011, and they have a son, the third heir to the throne, Prince George.
Princess Anne ― The Princess Royal has been married twice. Her first husband was Captain Mark Phillips and they produced two children, Peter and Zara Phillips. She is now married to Vice Admiral Sir Timothy Lawrence.
Prince Andrew ― The Duke of York married Sarah Ferguson but they later divorced. They have two children, Princess Beatrice and Princess Eugenie.
Prince Edward ― The Earl of Wessex married Sophie Rhys-Jones. they have two children, Lady Louise Windsor and James Viscount Severn.
The Royal House of Windsor Family Tree below includes all the major royals from George VI and now includes the awaited arrival of the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, he was born on the 22nd July 2013 at 4:24 pm and weighed in at 8lb oz. on the 24th he was officially named George Alexander Louis and is a sixth generation Windsor.
The latest edition to the Royal Family has now also been added to the Tree. Mia Grace Tindall, the Daughter of Zara Phillips and Michael James Tindall, was born on 11 January 2014 at Gloucestershire Royal Hospital.
It was announced on the 8th September that the Duchess of Cambridge, is expecting her second child. He or she will be fourth in line to the throne.
Please look at the Royal House of Windsor Family Tree below which now includes the new addition.

A.Six.
B.Five.
C.Three.
D.Four.
E.Brother and sister.
F.Uncle and niece.
G.Aunt and nephew.
H.Cousins.
I.One sister.
J.Two brothers and twosisters.
BA.One brother.
BB.One brother and one sister.
BC.Queen Elizabeth II.
BD.King George VI.
BE.King George V.
BF.King Edward VIII.
BG.King George V.
BH.Queen Elizabeth II.
BI.King Edward VIII.
BJ.King George VI.
81.[单选题]Now let us look at how we read. When we read a printed text, our eyes move across a page in short, jerky movement. We recognize words usually when our eyes are still when they fixate. Each time they fixate, we see a group of words. This is known as the recognition span or the visual span. The length of time for which the eyes stop — the duration of the fixation — varies considerably from person to person. It also varies within any one person according to his purpose in reading and his familiarity with the text. Furthermore, it can be affected by such factors as lighting and tiredness.
Unfortunately, in the past, many reading improvement courses have concentrated too much on how our eyes move across the printed page. As a result of this misleading emphasis on the purely visual aspects of reading, numerous exercises have been devised to train the eyes to see more words at one fixation. For instance, in some exercises, words are flashed on to a screen for, say, a tenth or a twentieth of a second. One of the exercises has required students to fix their eyes on some central point, taking in the words on either side. Such word patterns are often constructed in the shape of rather steep pyramids so the reader takes in more and more words at each successive fixation. All these exercises are very clever, but it’s one thing to improve a person’s ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently. Reading requires the ability to understand the relationship between words. Consequently, for these reasons, many experts have now begun to question the usefulness of eye training, especially since any approach which trains a person to read isolated words and phrases would seem unlikely to help him in reading a continuous text.

A.one’s familiarity with the text
B.one’s purpose in reading
C.lighting and tiredness
D.the length of a group of words
E.The emphasis on the purely visual aspects is misleading.
F.The eye training will help readers in reading a continuous text.
G.Many experts began to question the efficiency of eye training.
H.The visual span is a word or a group of words we see each time.
I.critical
J.neutral
BA.pessimistic
BB.optimistic
BC.demands more eyes than mind
BD.requires a reader to see words more quickly
BE.requires a reader to take in more words at each fixation
BF.demands a deeply-participating mind
BG.The reading exercises mentioned can’t help to improve both the ability to see and to comprehend words.
BH.The ability to see words is not needed when an efficient reading is conducted.
BI.The reading exercises mentioned has done a great job to improve one’s ability to see words.
BJ.The reading exercises mentioned can’t help to improve an efficient reading.
88.[单选题]More surprising, perhaps, than the current difficulties of traditional marriage is the fact that marriage itself is alive and thriving. As Skolnick notes, Americans are a marrying people: relative to Europeans, more of us marry and we marry at a younger age. Moreover, after a decline in the 1910s, the rate of marriage in theUnited Statesis now increasing. Even the divorce rate needs to be taken in this pro-marriage context: some 80 percent of divorced individuals remarry. Thus, marriage remains, by far, the preferred way of life for the vast majority of people in our society.
What has changed more than marriage is the nuclear family. Twenty-five years ago, the typical American family consisted of a husband, a wife, and two or three children. Now, there are many marriages in which couples have decided not to have any children. And there are many marriages where at least some of the children are the wife’s previous marriage, or the husband’s, or both. Sometimes these children spend all of their time with one parent from the former marriage; sometimes they are shared between the two former spouses.
Thus, one can find the very type of family arrangement. There are marriages without children; marriages with children from only the present marriage; marriages with “full-time” children from the present marriage and “part-time” children from former marriages. There are step-fathers, step-mothers, half-brothers, and half-sisters. It is not all that unusual for a child to have four parents and eight grandparents! These are enormous changes from the traditional nuclear family. But even so, even in the midst of all this, there remains one constant: most Americans spend most of their adult lives married.

A.are shared between the two former spouses
B.are quite unusual even in America
C.spend all of their time with one parent from the previous marriage
D.do part-time jobs to earn their living
E.more Americans prefer marriage and at a younger age than Europeans
F.most divorced individuals remarry
G.there are more married couples in theU.S.A.than in Europe
H.marriage is the most important part of American life
I.marriage rate in Europe is rather low
J.Europeans marry when they are quite old
BA.marriage rate has been rising since the 1910s
BB.traditional marriage now runs into difficulty
BC.most Americans don’t mind a second marriage
BD.the functions of marriage remain unchanged
BE.the concept of nuclear family is modernized
BF.most Americans still have faith in marriage
89.[单选题]Foxes and farmers have never got on well. These small dog-like animals have long been accused of killing farm animals. They are officially classified as harmful and farmers try to keep their numbers down by shooting or poisoning them.
Farmers can also call on the services of their local hunt to control the fox population. Hunting consists of pursuing a fox across the countryside, with a group of specially trained dogs, followed by men and women riding horses. When the dogs eventually catch the fox they kill it or a hunter shoots it.
People who take part in hunting think of it as a sport; they wear a special uniform of red coats and white trousers, and follow strict codes of behavior. But owning a horse and hunting regularly is expensive, so most hunters are wealthy.
It is estimated that up to 100,000 people watch or take part in fox hunting. But over the last couple of decades the number of people opposed to fox hunting, because they think it is brutal, has risen sharply. Nowadays it is rare for a hunt to pass off without some kind of confrontation between hunters and hunt saboteurs. Sometimes these incidents lead to violence, but mostly saboteurs interfere with the hunt by misleading riders and disturbing the trail of the fox's smell, which the dogs follow.
Noisy confrontations between hunters and saboteurs have become so common that they are almost as much a part of hunting as the pursuit of foxes itself. But this year supporters of fox hunting face a much bigger threat to their sport. A Labour Party Member of the Parliament, Mike Foster, is trying to get Parliament to approve a new law which will make the hunting of wild animals with dogs illegal. If the law is passed, wild animals like foxes will be protected under the ban inBritain.

A.It is a costly event which rarely occurs.
B.The hunters have to go through strict training.
C.It involves the use of a deadly poison.
D.The hunters have set rules to follow.
E.by taking legal action
F.by confusing the fox hunters
G.by demonstrating on the scene
H.by resorting to violence
I.killing foxes with poison is illegal
J.limiting the fox population is unnecessary
BA.fox-hunting often leads to confrontation between the poor and the rich
BB.hunting foxes with dogs is considered cruel and violent
BC.forbid hunting foxes with dogs
BD.prohibit farmers from hunting foxes
BE.stop hunting wild animals in the countryside
BF.prevent large-scale fox hunting
90.[单选题]Some instructors give you one or two weeks of reading assignments from your textbook at once. They expect you to budget your reading time. Because you know you cannot read and remember everything you should, as we have said, try to divide your assignments into short reading sections. You have to judge how long it will take you to do each part. Do not try to read an entire chapter in one gulp. Take your time and concern yourself with only one part. When you are certain you understand that part, then go on to the next. Our minds like to wander. Our attention spans are short. So if we try to read only parts of an assignment, then stop to ask ourselves what we have just read, or take some notes to help aid comprehension, we are actually controlling our minds. That is why it is better to read from one heading in a chapter to the next and then stop. Think about what you just read. If there is a “fuzzy” area, go back and reread that part. Then read from the new heading to the next. Then stop and think again about what you read and make some notes. Doing so focuses attention on the content, and the result is better comprehension and control over mind-wandering.

A.make plans in advance
B.spend more time on reading
C.put the reading materials in order
D.set aside some time for reading
E.concentrate ourselves on reading
F.read notes to help aid compression
G.have time to wander
H.have longer attention span
I.not mentioned
J.curious
BA.funny
BB.not clear
BC.Make notes after having done all assignments.
BD.Read only the headings.
BE.Focus attention on the part you can’t remember.
BF.After reading a part, stop and think about it.
BG.to remember everything in reading section
BH.not to spend long time reading each part
BI.to divide your assignments into several parts
BJ.not to read an entire chapter
91.[单选题]In the past few decades, the popular belief in the area of organizational behavior and organizational psychology has been that happy workers are better workers. However, new research at the University of Alberta shows that sad workers are more productive.
Psychologist Dr. Robert Sinclair and his former PhD student Carrie Lavis recently conducted a series of four studies addressing the effects of experimentally induced happiness versus sadness on work productivity by asking the participants to build circuit boards. In the first study, sad people committed significantly fewer errors that did happy people (approximately half the number of errors) but there was no difference in the number of boards completed. Thus, sad people were more productive.
In similar studies Sinclair and Lavis found the same results along with evidence that happy people might not devote as much energy to the task in order to maintain their happy moods — they perceived that task as something that might detract from their present feelings. Conversely, sad people appeared to be devoting energy to the task in order to distract themselves from their sad feelings. “It is important to know that the moods were unrelated to the task,” said Sinclair. “Unhappiness is coming from something else.”
These findings are not surprising, said Sinclair, since there has been a growing body of literature in the area of social psychology demonstrating that sad moods lead to more contemplation and, often, more thoughtful or accurate judgments.
In Sinclair’s subsequent studies, when people believed that the task would make them feel good, they devoted more energy to the job. The bottom line, said Sinclair, is that it is important for organizations to take into account the emotions of their employees. It seems it could be beneficial to creating situations that lead people to believe that performing their jobs will cause them to feel good: this could cause increases in motivation and superior performance.

A.companies should take into consideration employees’ emotions
B.companies shouldcreate situations that make workers feel good
C.employees should do the task that would make them feel good
D.increases in motivation and superior performance are important
E.sadness leads to accurate judgments
F.happiness can make people do well
G.sad workers producebetter
H.sad workers are les engaged in their work
I.happiness distracts them from their task
J.they want to keep their happy moods
BA.they never feel sad
BB.they hate doing the same job for a long time
BC.to explore the wayshow to produce happiness or sadness at work
BD.to prove that happy workers are better workers
BE.to ask the subjects to build circus boards
BF.to find out theinfluence of happiness vs. sadness on work
92.[单选题]What Your Professors Expect
by Anna Hecht
No two professors are the same. While some are sticklers about arriving to class on time and assignment deadlines, others couldn’t seem to care less about punctuality and will gladly hand out assignment extensions upon request. However, when striving for top-notch grades, it’s important to understand what your professors expect of you, and to be aware of what works and what doesn’t in a classroom setting.
Over the years, I’ve learned how to be a stand-up student, even at times when I’m less than enthusiastic about the subject of the class. This is not to say I am a genius or anything; sometimes it pays to simply know proper classroom conduct. The better you act around your professors, the more willing they will be to work with you – even if you are not a whiz in a given course. It all comes down to first knowing what teachers expect, and then working to meet their expectations.
First is the most basic rule of all: no texting in the classroom. Ok, I know I sound a little bit like your mother here, but honestly, the quickest and most sure way to offend your professor is to use your phone while he or she is lecturing. We’re all guilty of it, and I know it may seem like the text you’ve just received will burn a hole in your pocket if you don’t answer it right now, but trust me, it’s not worth losing your teacher’s respect over.
Next is the issue of punctuality. It may seem obvious that one should arrive on time to class and turn in assignments by the set deadline. But, obvious or not, there are many students who just can’t make it on time. Being late communicates that you don’t value the course or the material being taught. If there is a situation that makes it hard for you to be on time, such as having classes located on opposite ends of campus, let the teacher know. Then, they can at least take this into consideration should you arrive a few minutes late.
As for handing in assignments on time, use your best judgment on whether or not to request a deadline extension. If the teacher informed your class of the due date months in advance, it’s likely that he or she will say you should have planned ahead better. But, if something comes up that is completely beyond your control, communicate that to your professor — in a respectful manner — and it’s likely that they will be able to accommodate for your situation. And, in the end, know what your professor’s policy is for deadlines; some will be stricter than others.
If you want to go the extra mile and make your professor’s job more fun, try actually participating. From my experience, professors do not enjoy lecturing at you for an hour straight; they also want to see that you are listening and engaging with the course material. Jason Chan is an assistant professor at the University of Iowa, and he recommends participating as one way to succeed academically.
Mary Rose Cottingham is a senior instructor in the English department at the University of Illinois. She also says that one of the best ways for students to show their concern for academic success is to be alert and participate in class.
“[Students should] cultivate curiosity about the subject, even if one doesn't initially have curiosity about it,” Cottingham said.
Finally, communication is the key to any successful teacher-student relationship. Should you miss a class altogether, explain the situation to your professor. Let them know what happened, and express that you will work to make up whatever you missed as soon as possible. If you show that you care, your instructors will be more willing to help you.
Even if you already have the brains to ace tests and speed through assigned readings, these tips for classroom conduct will serve you well as your college career progresses. It’s likely that you will need of letters of recommendation from your professors, and you don’t want to be remembered as the student sneaking into class 10 minutes late, or constantly texting. Treat the classroom setting like you would a job; making a good impression on your teachers will pay off in the long run.

A.Three.
B.Four.
C.Two.
D.Five.
E.Think hard and come up with good excuses to request a deadline extension.
F.Never irritate your teachers by requesting a deadline extension.
G.Use your bestjudgment on whether or not to request a deadline extension.
H.Communicate with your professor months in advance in a respectful manner.
I.To be over 10 minutes late for class.
J.To show your interests in academic success.
BA.To use your phone texting while heor she is lecturing.
BB.To be alert andparticipate in class.
BC.Because it enhancescommunication between you and your professor.
BD.Because it shows your interests in academic success.
BE.Because it shows that you are listening and engaging with the course material.
BF.Because it can make your professor’s job more fun.
BG.You can’t treat the classroom setting like you would treat a job.
BH.It’s sure that youwill need letter of recommendation from your professors.
BI.These tips forclassroom conduct also work for top students.
BJ.Constantly texting will make a good impression on your teachers.
93.[单选题]Forming Adult Friendships in Modern Society Is a Necessity and a Challenge
by David Brook
Somebody recently asked me what I would do if I had $500 million to give away. My first thought was that I’d become a moderate version of the Koch brothers. I’d pay for independent candidates to run against Democratic or Republican members of Congress who veered too far into their party’s fever swamps.
But then I realized that if I really had that money, I’d want to affect a smaller number of people in a more personal and profound way. The big, established charities are already fighting disease and poverty as best as they can, so in search of new directions I thought, oddly, of friendship. Friendship is a personal relationship that has radiating social and political benefits.
In the first place, friendship helps people make better judgments. So much of deep friendship is thinking through problems together: what job to take; whom to marry. Friendship allows you to see your own life but with a second sympathetic self.
Second, friends usually bring out better versions of each other. People feel unguarded and fluid with their close friends. If you’re hanging around with a friend, smarter and funnier thoughts tend to come burbling out.
Finally, people behave better if they know their friends are observing. Friendship is based, in part, on common tastes and interests, but it is also based on mutual admiration and reciprocity. People tend to want to live up to their friends’ high regard. People don’t have close friendships in any hope of selfish gain but simply for the pleasure itself of feeling known and respected.
It’s also true that friendship is not in great shape in America today. In 1985, people tended to have about three really close friends, according to the General Social Survey. By 2004, according to research done at Duke University and the University of Arizona, they were reporting they had only two close confidants. The number of people who say they have no close confidants at all has tripled over that time.
People seem to have a harder time building friendships across class lines. As society becomes more unequal and segmented, invitations come to people on the basis of their job status. Middle-aged people have particular problems nurturing friendships and building new ones. They are so busy with work and kids that friendship gets squeezed out.
So, in the fantasy world in which I have $500 million, I’d try to set up places that would cultivate friendships and make them less career oriented and more profound.
To do that, you have to get people out of their normal life and give them challenging activities to do together. Nothing inspires friendship like selflessness and cooperation in moments of difficulty. You also want to give them moments when they can share confidences, about big ideas and small worries.
So I envision a string of adult camps or retreat centres (my oldest friendships were formed at summer camp, so I think in those terms). Groups of 20 or 30 would be brought together from all social and demographic groups, and secluded for two weeks. They’d prepare and clean up all their meals together, and eating the meals would go on for a while. In the morning, they would read about and discuss big topics. In the afternoons, they’d play sports, take hikes and build something complicated together. At night, there’d be a bar and music.
You couldn’t build a close friendship in that time, but you could plant the seeds for one. The goal of these intensity retreats would be to spark bonds between disparate individuals who, in the outside world, would be completely unlikely to know each other. The benefits of that social bridging, while unplannable, would ripple out in ways long and far-reaching.

A.remains the same
B.has doubled
C.hastripled
D.has decreased
E.Old and retired people.
F.Teenagers.
G.Newly-weds.
H.Middle-aged people.
I.Mutual admiration and reciprocity.
J.Building friendships across class lines.
BA.Activities that are less career oriented and more profound.
BB.Selfishnessand cooperation in moments of difficulty.
BC.You could discuss big topics at night in the bar with music on.
BD.You could plant the seeds for a close friendship.
BE.You could build aclose friendship in that time.
BF.You could play sportsand build something together in the morning.
BG.Friendship allows you to see your life with a second sympathetic self.
BH.Friendship helps people make better judgments.
BI.People behave betterif they know their friends are observing.
BJ.Friends usually bring out better versions of each other.
94.[单选题]On most shores you will notice that the sea level changes throughout the day. These ups and downs of the seas are called tides.
Why should tides happen? Everything on the Earth’s surface is attracted towards the Earth by a force called gravity. The Moon and the Sun also have a gravitational pull of their own. As the Moon passes around the Earth it attracts the waters of the oceans on the side facing it, pulling them away from the Earth, and causing them to rise. On the opposite side from this tidal rise, there is another one because on that side, the land is closer to the Moon than the waters, and the land is pulled away from the seas, leaving a rise behind. These two rises remain in the same position in reaction to the Moon, but the rotation of the Earth means that each of them appears to move around the Earth. These rises are called high water, and the gaps between them are called low water.
There are two other factors which help in the formation of the tides. You know that if you cause the water in your bath to rock, it may rise and fall against the side of the bath for some time. In the same way, once the tides have begun, the waters tend to continue to rock up and down and they are given an extra push by the attraction of the Moon. The Sun also tends to attract the Earth’s oceans towards itself, but because it is so much further away, the attraction is less important. At certain times of the year, however, the Sun, the Moon, and the Earth are all in a straight line. When this happens, the attraction of the Sun is added to the attraction of the Moon and tides are extra high.
Waves are almost wholly the result of wind blowing across the surface of the water. The wind pulls the water to form waves which move slowly forward, and get larger. Although the wave shape moves forward, each bit of water moves round in circles and does not change its average position. The height of a wave depends on three factors: how hard the wind is blowing, how long the wind has been blowing, and the fetch. The word “fetch” means the length of the stretch of open water over which the wind is blowing.

A.the positions of the two rises
B.the gravitational pull of the Moon
C.the relationship between the Moon and the Earth
D.the rotation of the Earth
E.Tides are different from waves.
F.When the wave moves forward, the water moves forward, too.
G.The height of a wave is related to wind speed.
H.Waves are usually the result of wind blowing.
I.About 18 hours.
J.About 24 hours.
BA.About hours.
BB.About 12 hours.
BC.the waters continue to rock up and down
BD.the Sun, the Moon, and the Earth are in line
BE.the waters are given an extra push by the gravitational of the Moon
BF.the Sun also tends to attract the Earth’s oceans
BG.The attraction of the Moon to the oceans and land.
BH.The gravity of the Earth.
BI.The pull of the Sun and the Moon.
BJ.The gravitational pull of the Moon to the rise.
95.[单选题]In 55 B. C. Julius Caesar, a Roman emperor, sent soldiers to establish a colony on the island of British. During the 400 years or so that they remained, the Romans built cities, roads, fortresses, and theaters; set up a system of government; coined money; and helped to change theEnglandlanguage. In the fifth century A. D. the Romans left English, but by that time the British had adopted many Latin words into their own language.
Another influence on the English language during those early years was the Scandinavian languages. The Vikings, an adventuresome people from today’s countries ofNorway,Sweden, andDenmark, began to invadeEnglandabout the last part of the eighth century. Gradually, however, they settled inEngland, becoming a part of the British population. Their language mixed in with English, giving the English language some of its most-used words.
Then, in A. D. 10 , a French-speaking people from Normandy, an area in northernFrance, conquered the English. For nearly 300 years after that, both French and English were spoken inEngland, with the result that many French words became part of the English language.
About this same time Europeans were beginning to explore other parts of the world. British admirals and soldiers led expeditions to Africa, western Europe, Asia, and the North and South American continents, where they learned to speak the native language or at least adopted some of the words into English.

A.French was taught in English schools for three centuries.
B.The English language needed some French words.
C.The two languages were both used in the English society for a long time.
D.The English people were forced to speak French.
E.to coin money and make profits
F.to help the English set up a government
G.to change the English language and its speakers
H.to conquer the island and its people
I.the English were often conquered by other people
J.English “borrowed” many words from other languages
BA.English was not spoken by the invaders
BB.the English had to learn foreign languages
BC.Latin and French
BD.the Asian and American languages
BE.the Vikings’ language
BF.the native languages of Africa
BG.in the fourteenth century
BH.in the fifth century
BI.in the eleventh century
BJ.in the eighth century
9 .[单选题]Clothes play a critical part in the conclusions we reach by providing clues to who people are, who they are not, and who they would like to be. They tell us a good deal about the wearer’s background, personality, status, mood, and social outlook.
Since clothes are such an important source of social information, we can use them to manipulate people’s impression of us. Our appearance assumes particular significance in the initial phases of interaction that is likely to occur. An elderly middle-class man or woman may be alienated by a young adult who is dressed in an unconventional manner, regardless of the person’s education, background, or interests.
People tend to agree on what certain types of clothes mean. Adolescent girls can easily agree on the lifestyles of girls who wear certain outfits, including the number of boyfriends they likely have had and whether they smoke or drink. Newscasters, or the announcers who read the news on TV, are considered to be more convincing, honest, and competent when they are dressed conservatively. And college students who view themselves as taking an active role in their interpersonal relationships say they are concerned about the costumes they must wear to play these roles successfully. Moreover, many of us can relate instances in which the clothing we wore changed the way we felt about ourselves and how we acted. Perhaps you have used clothing to gain confidence when you anticipated a stressful situation, such as a job interview or a court appearance.
In the workplace, men have long had well-defined procedures and role models for achieving success. It has been otherwise for women. A good many women in the business world are uncertain about the appropriate mixture of “masculine” and “feminine” attributes they should convey by their professional clothing. The variety of clothing alternatives to women has also been greater than that available for men. Male administrators tend to judge women more favorably for managerial positions when the women display less “feminine” grooming—shorter hair, moderate use of make-up, and plain tailored clothing. As one male administrator confessed, “An attractive woman is definitely going to get a longer interview, but she won’t get a job.

A.college students play an active role in interpersonal relationships
B.newscasters should be conservative
C.job interviews and court appearances are stressful situations
D.clothes enables people to be confident
E.be influenced by
F.follow the example of
G.be unanimous in
H.sing high praise of
I.women enjoy more freedom in the choice of clothing
J.women don’t have a well-defined dress code
BA.women have to merge “masculine” attributes into clothing
BB.women couldn’t achieve success as easily as men
BC.influence people’s mood
BD.make a correct judgment on people’s personalities
BE.improve our social status
BF.lead other to believe we are who we appear to be
BG.a woman with a masculine appearance
BH.an attractive and femininely-dressed woman
BI.a woman without feminine attributes
BJ.a woman with some masculine attributes
91.[单选题]If you’ve been married to the world’s loudest snorer for nearly four decades, you’re either a saint or you’re deaf. Julie Switzer is a little of both.
On July 4, the 1-year-old British homemaker will celebrate her 40th anniversary with her husband Mel, a cab driver whose snoring has been measured at 92.5 decibels — louder than a police siren.
Until he found a treatment, flight attendants would ask him not to sleep on planes. Eight of his neighbors sold their homes in one 10-year period. Only his wife stood by his side.
“My wife and I love each other,” he says. “And she is deaf in one ear.”
Julie’s condition had no connection to her husband’s strident snoozing. But even with diminished hearing, she found it hard to sleep — and though to get up each day to get their two boys off to school. “I just thought most men sound like a electric saw in the bedroom,” she says.
After two decades of sleeplessness, Julie entered Mel in a local contest, sponsored by a British newspaper in 1984, to find the loudest snoring husband in theUnited Kingdom. Until then, Mel had not realized the scope of his snore.
The contest turned out to be the best thing she ever did. In one brave stroke, Julie turned her husband into an international celebrity of sorts. Suddenly, she and Mel were flying toJapan, so that doctors could measure his snoring on national TV.
“I guess there are better reasons to be famous,” Mel says. “But if people are sending you to Tokyo, why fight it?”
The folks at Guinness were quick to certify him, and all the attention brought hundreds of would-be remedies — including one that finally worked.
About four years ago, New York entrepreneur Robert Ross gave Mel a Chinese herbal concoction that he now markets throughout North America as Y-snore.
Y-snore changed the Switzers’ life. Just a few drops in the nose and Mel is silent as a lamb. Finally, a peaceful night for his wife.

A.He believes that it is a great victory.
B.He feels proud of himself and his wife.
C.He is glad to take the opportunity to travel.
D.He feels embarrassed to be known as “the world’s loudest snorer.”
E.she managed to prove to the world that her husband was a very brave man
F.Mel became a famous person as a result of the contest
G.Mel became rich after winning the first prize
H.then she began to know how loud her husband’s snoring was
I.She was anxious to find a cure for her husband’s snoring.
J.She thought it was just a normal phenomenon.
BA.She thought it was as loud as a police siren.
BB.She felt bored.
BC.a kind of medicine that stops snoring effectively
BD.a Japanese medical instrument that Mel bought inJapan
BE.an interesting question Robert Ross asked Mel
BF.the name of a Chinese drug store that can be found in North America
BG.she has been an excellent homemaker all the time
BH.she tolerated the loudest snoring in the world for more than 40 years
BI.she has been married to Mel for 40 years
BJ.she turned a deaf ear to her husband’s snoring

kurt · 发表于 2022-3-12 20:04:06

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